What questions should you ask about the book you read? We teach parents to read with their children

How to raise a child interest in reading? What is needed for a child to read well and with pleasure? How to develop a desire to read? Almost all parents have such questions sooner or later. After all, we adults understand that Reading is the key to a child’s successful education.

In order for our child to become a Reader, to read well and with interest, we need to pay attention to some very important points. Perhaps this may seem insignificant and unimportant to some, but in fact it is precisely such unimportant factors that have the strongest impact on the child.

We, adults, need to understand that a child is not a wind-up toy that can be turned on according to a certain program. A child is a small personality with his own character traits, interests and desires. And this little personality develops according to its own pattern.

Do you want to see your child successful? Smart? Happy? Raise him based on this scheme, and you will achieve good results without unnecessary problems.

A child's developmental pattern concerns all aspects of his life. Today we will note only those secrets that directly affect a child’s reading.

7 secrets for nurturing an interest in reading.

1 secret. Read for yourself.

It is not our words that raise a child, but our actions and environment. If dad always lies in front of the TV or plays on the computer, and mom still free time chatting on the phone, then you shouldn’t expect the child to enthusiastically read books. But in a family where parents often read and discuss books, a good reader will most likely grow up. Do you want to instill an interest in reading in your child? Read. Read yourself and read to your child, talk about what you read, discuss books.

2 secret. Learn through play.

A person will never love what is given to him with difficulty. He will endure, but not love. Teach your child to read in a way that makes it easy and interesting for him. learn by playing. Only through play can a child learn without feeling pressure, stress and negativity. It's in the game best results achieved at the lowest cost.

3 secret. Everything is through interest!

The child’s interest comes first, not what you want or need. Read books that your child likes and that are interesting to him. Read books according to age! And if, in fact, you need to read something that does not delight the child, then help the child read and understand, read it together.

4 secret. Book design.

Pay attention to the design of the book. Children simply need illustrations in a book, good quality paper and clear font. It is very good if each page has a large illustration and some text. Because a large amount of text causes fear, tires the child and reduces the ability to understand the text.

5 secret. Use the Kassil Method.

Find interesting book and start reading. Get to a very interesting moment, where some kind of intrigue is created, a turning point in events, and suddenly you remember that you need to do something urgently - stop reading. Leave the book with a bookmark and tell your child that he can wait until tomorrow or try reading on his own.

Of course, the child will want to know the continuation, but not everyone will pick up a book and start reading. Someone will wait until tomorrow. But if a child picks up a book and starts reading, then you should praise him and invite him to finish reading together (line by line, paragraph by paragraph). Next time, the child will again take the book and begin to finish reading it in the hope that you will immediately come to the rescue. But don't rush. Of course, you should definitely praise him for his desire to read, but it won’t be easy to come to his aid right away. Let him read a little himself. And only then will you suggest reading alternately.

And so every time you praise your child for his desire to read, but you help him finish reading later and less. So gradually you will reach the point when the child finishes reading everything on his own.

6 secret. Read to your child!

In any case, you will read better than the child, show him an example of the correct and expressive reading, will help you better understand the meaning of the text. By reading with your child, you will better understand the child’s interests, thoughts and desires. And the child will feel your support and interest, which contributes to the development of mutual understanding. Shared reading also helps, because an adult can always ask a clarifying question, and the child needs to answer it.

7 secret. We develop interest through a winning situation.

Ask your child problematic questions, provoke him into an argument, and offer to find out with the help of a book who is right. Of course, the child wants to prove that he is right, and most likely will look for proof that he is right. At first, of course, you need to adjust the question so that the child is still right. This creates success and reinforces the feeling of pleasure from the process of searching for evidence. The child understands that he read for a reason. Such controversial issues you can come up with many.

For example: children with kindergarten they know that the swallow is migrant. And you say that no, the swallow spends the winter, only it hides under the bark of trees or buries itself in the ground. And show that it is written in this book. Most children will prove what they were told in kindergarten or school. And you stand your ground and offer to find the answer in the book. Of course, you need to know in advance where you can find the answer and show your child this page or chapter. But how much joy the child will have when it turns out that he is right after all! Be sure to praise your child for wanting to find the correct answer and admit that you were wrong.

Tell your child. Tell your child the most interesting points from books and show where you can read the continuation. Tell me interesting facts from the life of animals and plants, about transport and weapons - all this can be easily found in encyclopedias and show where it can be read. Come up with various tests based on the works of children's authors, for example, on Pushkin's fairy tales.

Compose stories and fairy tales with him, write them down in the form of books and give them to friends.

If you rely on these secrets when communicating with your child, you will definitely interest him in reading. A reading person is always an interesting and successful person.

In the theater hall of the library you can watch a puppet show and take part in a fairy-tale game

After reconstruction, the children's library "CITY", which combined education and entertainment, became one of the favorite recreational places. Here they admit that they often see how a child who wants to spend a day off in her space introduces his parents to the library. And here we are happy about this, because one of the principles that is promoted in the “CITY” is that parents should learn to read fairy tales with their children.

Elena Shpakovskaya,
Head of the Marketing Sector of Libraries of the Krasnogvardeisky District of St. Petersburg

Zinaida Vorontsova,
Head of the children's library "CITY"

Modern parents want their children to read

Parents have changed a lot today. Now they are interested in children reading. We have been observing this trend over the past three years. If 10 years ago they were interested in watching cartoons with their children in the library, now they flatly refuse to do so. They say we are here to encourage children to read.

The library must go beyond the book

Play is a child’s natural and favorite activity, so we use playful moments in any of our activities. Whether it’s a master class, a performance or an exhibition, we make sure to involve the child in the action and thus every event turns into a game. Our goal is not to reveal didactic facts to the child, but to attract him, to interest him in some topic or story, so that he has an impulse to learn and read something himself.

For these purposes, it is promising to involve publishing houses in cooperation. In addition to many children's books, they write interactive programs, and can also carry out something themselves. For example, the Samokat publishing house publishes a series of books about Elmer, the checkered elephant. You can invite a representative from the publishing house to talk about the book and teach the children how to draw an elephant. Using the manuals that accompany many new children's books, any librarian can conduct interesting master classes. This is a great tool for libraries to adopt.

Also, now in trend early development, and many children's publishing houses pay attention to various branches of knowledge. For example, the publishing house “Smart Masha” has a series where Smeshariki perform various experiments and tell children about scientific phenomena. We decided to develop the direction of children's science books and create an interesting science day. When a child can read in a book, look at an illustration, and, based on what he read, do something with his hands, the effect is absolutely amazing. In every book we try to find an opportunity to go beyond its limits, and in every event to find a thread through which we can return to the book.

We teach parents to read with their children

Getting children interested in reading is not enough; we teach parents how to read a fairy tale with their children. One of our projects “Tale by Tale” is dedicated to this goal. Here We teach parents of a preschool child how to work with a book and present it. We want parents not to miss out important point meeting a child with a fairy tale. Because a fairy tale is the most important step in a child’s entry into literature, it is the foundation. Exactly fairy tale speaks with the child on the most serious topics and can tell him about good and evil, about love and death in his clear, universal language, which captures the life experience of many generations. Therefore, we strive to convey to parents that under no circumstances should a child grow up without a fairy tale.

As part of this project, the Lukomorye Theater was created: here we stage a fairy tale, stage a puppet show directly according to the original text, and the presenters explain some unfamiliar words during the viewing. After the performance, children often get involved in a game based on a fairy tale, they can express their understanding through a drawing, and take a book home to read. The club has existed for six years and is very popular, children grow up, leave, new ones come, and all club members (both parents and children) are our most active readers. And we remind you that a book read in time can change the fate of a child, keyword"during". It is important not to miss the right books at the right time; there is a book for every age.

Orient parents in the book space

Now there is a sea of ​​literature coming out, which is very difficult for parents to navigate; even we, librarians, do not have time to keep track of everything. That's why it's like that It is important to collaborate with publishers, many of which are reviving the book review format. Representatives of the publishing house come to the library and tell parents and librarians about new book releases. After all, no one will read hundreds of books, but such a guide to interesting publications that at the moment come out, helps you stay informed.

Is it worth paying attention to the latest children's literature or is it better for parents to opt for proven classics? difficult question. There is always a lot of controversy around tastes and preferences. After all, once upon a time Lydia Charskaya was also not published, they said that this was banal ladies’ reading, but you could get engrossed in her books. Just recently we scolded Harry Potter, but now it is generally accepted that this is a wonderful literary fairy tale, because it speaks of the creative elements of life. Therefore, we are of the opinion that it is not so important what exactly a child reads, as long as he reads, as long as he picks up a book.

At an early age, parents guide their child’s reading and they, of course, more often choose the classics and literature of the peoples of the world. When children grow up, they decide for themselves what to read. And there is nothing wrong with the fact that they choose modern children's literature. They will definitely learn to navigate the literary flow if from the first steps they had parents next to them who helped them in this.

We advertise books on social networks

To get children interested in reading, we choose different tools. IN social networks we have a fairy tale character Bookwreath Philemon. Every Friday he announces a book that he himself has read: talks about it and invites children and parents to come for it. We can afford this: our collections are large, about 50 thousand publications, most books are in several copies, and even if they take them home to read, there are still books in the collection.

You know, they are now publishing amazingly beautiful, interactive children's books that attract a child's attention; reissues of classics are also wonderful. Librarians have absolute confidence that a paper book is for younger age won't go away. After all, tactile perception of the world at an early age is very important. And if adults remember that as children they loved to leaf through books and inhale their smell, they will want to pick up a book again.

The book is the first stage on the path to information literacy

Of course, new technologies should also be present in the children's library. Electronic catalogs, many disks with educational games- we are not moving away from that. A child can simply sit down at a computer and do homework, go online. But when meeting with teachers, we often hear the opinion that it is very important to teach a child to work with a book. Only after he learns to fully work with a book will he be able to work with information on other media, because only when working with printed text does he develop the ability to evaluate and analyze. If he does not learn to work with information on paper, it will be very difficult for him to choose what is most valuable from electronic content. If he learns to choose from paper, he will work more effectively on the Internet. Therefore, events where the book is used are considered the most valuable by teachers.

The librarian combined pedagogical and library techniques

Another one of our successful projects is Librarian, in which we managed to fully implement the edutainment principle, combining education and entertainment. This club was designed for children who do not go to kindergarten. A child who attends the Librarian for four years will fully complete the school preparation course: learn to read, write, solve logic problems. But parents can also leave their baby for an hour at a time so that they can look after him. Half of our team has a pedagogical education, this is very important. Biblionyana employs an experienced teacher who is proficient in modern teaching methods. We combined pedagogical knowledge and library experience and, apparently, guessed the needs of our environment: the entire region is interested in librarians.

The children's librarian is versatile

The librarian profession has changed enormously over the past ten years. To keep up with the times, you need to have the most versatile knowledge and abilities. Children's librarian and becomes completely universal: he must master modern technologies and at the same time be a teacher, an artist, an expert in children's reading, all rolled into one. Therefore, those who remain in the profession are very interesting, unique individuals in their own way. The image of the librarian as the guardian of book treasures is forever a thing of the past. Even the title of the position is changing: now we have not only a librarian and bibliographer, but a specialist in library, leisure and exhibition activities. You see, it is in charge of leisure, exhibitions, all kinds of events, and content. Today people come to work in the library not only with library education, but also with pedagogical, philological, and cultural studies education. And we are happy about this, because it brings a new perception. Look at this amazing video that graduates of the Institute of Film and Television made about the library named after. N.V. Gogol! Interesting people always bring something of their own.

Children need to see that we exist

The library should be within walking distance, especially on the outskirts of the city, where there are not many cultural centers. We all understand that the process of change is very slow. There are more than 10 libraries in our area, and some of them will take years to renovate, but meaningful changes need to be made now. We need to work in a new way now, because the reader is already different. Libraries need to keep abreast of all the innovations that appear in the city and country. Now bookstores and shopping and entertainment complexes also take on some of our functions and hold similar literary events. And we strive to be interesting and express ourselves so that children can see that we exist, then they will come to us. After all, a child must read certain books at a certain time, so we must be nearby.

I have often wondered: what are the benefits of reading together with a child? What is its main advantage? And the answer was right there on the surface. It is at the very foundation of our existence - it's all about love. It turned out that simply by reading aloud to your child, you can acquire and give love in huge quantities. And it's so simple! Although, I will not hide, at first glance it was thought that this was an incredible and titanic work. You touch a baby with your skin, you feel his skin on yours, you absorb the baby’s smell, and he, in return, absorbs yours. But this is the main component, especially at the early stage of child development. Child with early years begins to understand what your warmth and love means. Reading together, as it were, connects us with each other, binds us with bonds of love. A huge world opens up before a child when you sit with him like this, hugging him, holding his little hand in your hand and quietly reading a book out loud to him.

I often remember how much children enjoy chewing, eating and playing with books. Many of my friends began to scold the child, immediately take the book from their hands and threaten to no longer give them a beautiful book worth several hundred rubles. What is the child’s reaction to such statements? Yes, he immediately began to whine, and from above, dad also shouted for his new “hysteria.” And nothing surprising. This reaction is quite predictable. Mom took the most amazing and educational thing - a book! Where does the child then get the desire to pick it up again if he was just scolded for it? And if you think about it, the child still doesn’t quite understand what exactly he has done wrong to the book and to you personally.
Instead of scolding, rejoice! The child uses one of the best and available tools for learning books. Using your lips, tasting and smelling everything. This is all part of an early exploration of books (and the world around us). It's not that hard to be patient! Soon he or she will turn the pages on their own and respond to books with genuine joy, wonder, laughter and curiosity.

And so we moved on to curiosity about books, to looking at pictures and content. And then a question immediately arises. What books should my child read? The question is not an easy one. I go into a bookstore, and on the shelf in the children's section there are simply countless books. You can get lost - one is beautiful, one with funny pictures, and the other one is replete with all kinds of musical and holographic material. And only from my own experience and having read a lot of literature on this issue, you understand that the baby loves to celebrate the musicality of the language of rhyme and poetry. And in this regard, Russian folk nursery rhymes, ditties, and Pushkin’s fairy tales (for example) are very useful and very exciting for the child himself. My child immediately picked up on everything that was happening and began waving his arms, smiling back at me. We should not forget about the Russian classics of children's literature. Try reading Marshak, your baby will rejoice with you, and you will remember your childhood. Children love to learn, they love to open the hidden doors of books, in which they can reveal something new, something that gives clues. These are the first steps towards the correct perception of books in adulthood.
And don’t forget, kids love pictures. Illustrations are one of the most important components of books. And here new nuances were found. Did I know that the pictures in the book should be large, the animals, for example, should look as natural as possible (the bear should not look like a robot or a creature of unknown nature). And a picture that is not overloaded with details is perceived much better by a child than a book covered in 3D details for 1000 rubles. In addition, it is best for the baby to perceive the illustration and the content separately. For example, there is a bear on one side, and a funny poem about it on the other. There are such books. And they are easy to find.
I once learned that children are able to distinguish a huge number of natural shades, starting from the age of three months. I went to the same bookstore (and sometimes you can order it online) and bought cards with different shades of colors. And even if I didn’t understand their name, everything was signed there. This activity turned out to be so exciting and fun for the child that already on the second day she began to repeat the name after me, albeit not ideally. I call, and she repeats. We had a lot of fun together when we spent time like this. I didn’t spend a lot of time on this, and it’s probably not worth it. The main thing in reading together is to be systematic and not overloaded. Just 3-5 minutes a day. But every day. From a psychological and pedagogical point of view, this is very important. And the child develops comprehensive thinking, organization, and acquires new knowledge.
It is difficult to sit down your hyperactive child, and also to read. He can’t even sit for 5 minutes, so how can he create this miracle? Surely many of you have had this problem. And the solution is quite simple and not at all unique in its essence. At one point I just realized - why should I fight with my child if I can play his own game. And everything went like clockwork. We began to turn the process of learning and reading into a game. Remember yourself when you were young and you will understand how much you didn’t want to sit in one place, you wanted to run, because you had more than enough energy, and a boring and uninteresting activity distracted you from the process more than it brought benefit. So how is my child different from me? Together you will be distracted and this seemingly tiring moment (but inside you realize that it is important) will be filled with love and care. And then everything can turn completely different.
At first we just looked at the pictures. Then they remembered what was drawn on them - whoever remembered the most details. Then they read individual words and looked for them in the picture. Then suggestions, - and so on... use your imagination to the fullest! Illustrate sentences or paragraphs or poems yourself - with surrounding objects. Draw (be sure to do it together). Demonstrate movements and sounds to each other...
My baby began to enjoy spending time with her mother and with a book more and more. And she herself, more and more often, began to ask to read.
OK. How did I decide when I should start reading with her? There are a lot of different opinions here, a lot of techniques known throughout the world. Let's say in Soviet era Zaitsev’s technique was very widespread. Who believed that a child should be taught to read from the age of two. But this is only suitable for kindergarten, for group use. I learned that a child’s brain begins to perceive information from the age of three months. And most of the knowledge acquired before the age of 3 is stored for life and develops certain abilities of the child. And at the same time, I didn’t start fanatically throwing away all the necessary and unnecessary information, a million books, etc. Let's remember what I said in the paragraph above. Well, if you are not sure that it works, that the information is really perceived, that the baby really understands what his mother is trying to read, tell and show him. It's easy to understand. For several months we read, played, learned. And when the game ended, she asked her on the street, in the store, at home - where is the bear or where is the tree, and where is “ovau” (that’s what she calls the oval) and the child consciously showed or tried to pronounce sounds, words... and soon clearly name objects, colors, etc.
And finally, a few useful rules:

When reading aloud to your child, try to hold the book at the child's eye level.
The book should be simple and understandable - it should not contain difficult words and incomprehensible figures of speech
Hold the book at arm's length
Don’t babble, but pronounce all sounds clearly, watch your diction
After reading or completing a task, be sure to support your child (how to do this in the video training)
Read with feeling, intoning, fun, funny, interest the child

That's it. Try and please your child, discover for yourself and for him an incredibly colorful and interesting world books! And remember how much love and happiness you give to your baby.

Lively communication with a book that the baby “reads” with his mother is a significant step towards the development of his imaginative thinking and intelligence. A good book generously fills a child’s need for new information and gives him new experiences that will stay with him for life. With the help of the printed word, parents can find the shortest path to their child’s understanding of what kindness, generosity, nobility, and true friendship are.

Introduction to books from 0 to 5-6 months

Getting acquainted with a book is possible already at a very tender age (from 0 to 5-6 months), and it is better to start with children's poems and songs: babies feel poetic and musical rhythm very well. Not yet understanding the meaning of the words, they are already able to adequately respond to their rhythm and intonation of the mother’s voice: if the mother’s words sound playful and cheerful, the baby smiles; if mom speaks in a serious voice, he also becomes serious. This is how the baby develops vital emotions.

Toy books from 6 months to a year

From 5-6 months, the child begins to actively use his hands - he likes to touch various objects, shake them, and taste them. The time has come for your baby to become acquainted with toy books that help develop his tactile memory and fine motor skills, which in turn stimulates speech development. A child can touch such a book, using his fingers to examine the material from which it is made, taste it and look at the pictures. This is how the baby gets his first experience with a book.

The illustrations in such books should be large, bright, preferably with different textures and, if possible, “talking”. For example, when you touch it, a cow begins to moo, and a dog begins to bark. And the mother should help the baby learn to “communicate” with them correctly: take the baby in your arms, leaf through the book together, look at it, press the sounding devices together and rejoice. Children under one year old are able to concentrate on a book for only a few seconds, so you can buy several bright books for a child of this age. They should be within the baby’s reach, then he will be happy to reach from one to the other. If you notice that your child's interest in books has cooled, remove them and offer new ones. After some time, the baby will be happy to look at the “old” books again.

Toy books can be with or without text. The text, in turn, should be small and rhythmic - for example, in the form of small melodious quatrains. They must be read in a chant manner and with well-defined intonation.

There are many such books on the book market now. When choosing them, among other things, you need to pay attention to whether the hygienic requirements for such publications are met. First of all, look at the material from which they are made - it should be safe for children, durable and, preferably, washable.

Books from 1 to 2 years

At the age of one to two years, more and more new words appear in the child’s vocabulary. The baby has to systematize them, comparing them with specific objects and remembering them in his own way. In order for a strong connection to form in the child’s mind between an object and its “name,” this chain must be repeated many times: “the object is its name.” And here again a smart, kind book comes to the rescue.

At this age, many children especially love books about animals. While studying them, a child may fall in love, for example, with a cat and for some time will not notice other animals depicted in the book at all. He will happily turn over the pages of his books again and again, looking for cats in them. This kind of “love” can be used to broaden a child’s horizons - for example, tell where the cat lives, what she eats, what her habits are. This is how the child develops his first conscious interest in the book as a source of positive emotions and new knowledge.

It’s time for a one-year-old child to learn short, simple fairy tales with endless repetitions - “Kolobok” (“I left my grandmother…”), “Turnip” (“We’ll pull, we’ll pull”) and others. Repetitions help the child better imagine what is happening and learn the meaning of what he heard.

At the age of up to 2 years, illustrations continue to play an important role - visual images and words gradually become one whole for the baby, and this is the basis for the development of visual-figurative thinking. Drawings from the first books help to form in the child an accurate idea of ​​the world into which he has come. That's why books for this age should be well illustrated. And adults need to help the child connect the picture and text together. When purchasing the book itself or a collection of fairy tales and poems, pay attention to their artistic design. Books for children should contain a minimum of text and a maximum of illustrations. The most important requirement for drawings in books for young children is that the picture be large, colorful, picturesque, and most importantly, understandable to the baby. If the baby does not understand what is shown in the illustrations, he will lose interest in this book.

For example, when mom or dad read the text, they look at the illustrations for the text and ask the child questions like: “Who is drawn here? Do you remember we read about him just now?” You can buy puppet theater, then it will be possible to read the text and at the same time show the characters of the fairy tale. For the same purpose, you should add books with three-dimensional pictures to your baby’s first library. While the baby's ears are listening to a fairy tale, his mobile fingers open and close the door of the hut, roll the bun along the path, and stroke the fluffy back of the fox. You just need to make sure that the baby’s actions correspond to the text being read at that moment - then the baby will better understand the content and will not lose interest in the reading process itself. Also watch the expression of his eyes and facial expressions. A child’s emotions will tell you a lot: what surprised, pleased, or scared him. After such activities, an observant mother will be able to draw some conclusions about the character of the growing child (how sensitive, fearful, receptive he is, etc.).

When you sit down with your child to read a book, do not forget to first create an atmosphere appropriate for this activity - nothing should distract the child’s attention from reading. To enhance the emotional perception of the text, sometimes you can play quiet classical music - select it in advance so that it matches the intonation of the work being read.

A child aged one to two years can look at a book for 10-20 minutes, but do not force him to do this, otherwise you will develop an aversion to books.

Reading from 2 to 3 years

A two-year-old child continues to master the world through imitation, so reading at this age should be accompanied by an image of the action taking place on the pages of the book. For example, mom opens her palms wide and moves her fingers, showing how a butterfly flies in, then puffs out her cheeks importantly and spreads her arms - clumsy Toptygin hobbles through the forest. In this way, a three-dimensional picture is built in the baby’s mind: he hears what his mother is reading to him about Teddy Bear, sees his image in the picture, and, in addition, with the help of his mother’s movements, learns what clumsiness is. Afterwards, the baby himself will try to portray the clubfooted Bear - at this age he really likes to be a “repeater”: jump like a bunny, wave his tail like a mouse, and break a testicle, and then cry over it like a grandparent...

By the age of three, the child already speaks quite well and turns into a real why - questions pour out of him like from a cornucopia, including while reading. While reading a book, explain to your child all incomprehensible words and expressions, but do not overdo it. Eat funny example: the mother, who was explaining to the child what “tskotukha” is, went into such wilds that the child fell asleep without waiting for his favorite fairy tale. Read the text several times - children love it. When there are fewer questions, there is an opportunity to work on the content of what you read.

Coloring books and books in which images of objects are inserted directly into the text increase the child’s motivation to read: going from picture to word, the baby will try to “read” on his own.

At the same age, it is appropriate to explain to the child how a book is structured - why the cover, binding, front page. You can say that a book, like a person, has its own passport - the title page, its own style of clothing - format, a “talking cover” that tells us about the author of this book, about the title. Ask your child to describe in words what the picture on the cover is about and use it to guess what the book is about.

Children of this age love to reread their favorite fairy tales several times. Every time before your child starts reading, offer a different fairy tale, even if you are sure he will refuse. At this age, the child is overwhelmed by a crisis of contradictions, so you can achieve your goal by the opposite method: if you don’t want it, you don’t have to, then I’ll read to a doll or a bear. In a second the child will say: “Read to me too!” Children under the age of three, or even four, listen mainly to the melody of the text or verse; they reproduce poorly storyline. And they learn to respond to text by looking at you. Therefore, show your emotions correctly and do not be afraid to read “The Cockroach” by K. Chukovsky to the little one: from the height of your life experience, this is scary for you. But for a child, this poem is nothing more than a cheerful performance with a cheerful rhythmic pattern. Children at this age do not complete the logical chain and do not think, for example, about what will happen to the wolves if they eat each other.

Children's books from 3 to 6 years old

In the period from 3 to 6 years old, a child quickly grows up, and his books grow up with him. Fairy tales by Pushkin, Andersen, Ershov, Volkov, Bazhov, and Russian folk tales are suitable for this age. To prevent your child from getting lost in literary events and images, ask him to retell what he read - everything in order, from the very beginning. This will develop his memory and logic.

A children's book is a harmony of text and graphics, text and extra-textual information. Don't forget about illustration. At this stage it will serve practical guide in communication with a book. The drawing should be designed for long-term viewing; the child returns to it more than once. The text next to the picture makes the latter “readable”. Looking at illustrations in parallel with reading helps to better perceive what you read.

At this age, the child can already perceive work of art only by ear. For better perception, the baby should read it. And in order for children to accumulate not only information about characters and events, but also learn to connect the content of a book with its design and vice versa, you should definitely immediately after reading review with your children every book read according to all the rules:

• first, the mother reads the text to the child “eye to eye” and does not show the pictures;
• Then we look at the cover together, then slowly turn the pages;
• we think about what is shown on the cover, distinguish between illustrations and inscriptions;
• We demonstrate the order of reading the inscriptions from top to bottom, highlighting the author’s surname and the title of the book among the inscriptions on the cover;
• We correlate the author’s surname with the child’s personal reading experience, and the title of the book with the picture on the cover
• follows expressively, correctly placing accents. If it’s difficult for you to do this right away, practice first.

By the age of 5, some children begin to read on their own, but this should not be forced - as a result scientific research It has been proven that before the age of 6, a child mainly develops right hemisphere, which is responsible for aesthetic development, and only then the left (mathematical) one is connected, which is also responsible for reading.

Parents who want reading to remain one of their child's favorite activities for life should take into account the following important points.

Firstly, one should take into account the psychophysical characteristics inherent in children of each age group.

Thirdly, instill in your child a caring attitude towards books. It’s good if the family is initially sensitive to books. At the very least, books should be kept in a specific place. The baby should from the very early age suggest that the book should not be torn, it must be read or examined carefully - it is “alive”, it tells us many fascinating stories. You can introduce a tradition at home: every new book“invite” into the house as the most dear guest, “sit” in a place of honor on the bookshelf among other book friends. Look at the illustrations for the new book, guess who or what the story will be about. A new book should be read only when the child is emotionally ready for it. Fourth, do not read hastily with your child, turn reading into a kind of ritual. The child can take a position that is comfortable for him - most often babies climb onto their mother’s lap. Place it so that you can see the baby's reaction. For the first time, read “eye to eye” without being distracted by the illustrations. Explain to your child that the book does not like to be interrupted. Then look at the pictures and ask your child questions about them, try to find out whether he understands what is being said, or if something is not clear to him. Be sure to explain what the child did not understand and read the text again.

Fifthly, in order not to discourage a child from reading, never force him to read, and do not look at the clock - be guided only by whether the baby is interested or not. Never shame your child (especially in the presence of strangers) for not picking up a book for a whole week - this can cause him mental trauma. A win-win option, as in many other situations, remains education with love: leafing through your favorite books in an embrace with a child, reading, distributing roles with dad, you can achieve a much greater effect than excessive severity and prodding.

Teach from a very early age that reading is a way to have fun. And for this, let the child see you reading as often as possible. Unfortunately, modern technologies are gradually replacing paper books and encouraging reading enthusiasts to use electronic media or read online. However, it is better for a child to read paper books.
My 3-year-old adopted son Vanya watched me with a book in his hands every evening before bed. I was interested in what I was reading about and whether I was interested. I opened up the world of adult books for him in a language accessible to the baby. My son, looking smart, began bringing children’s books in the evenings, and we “read” together: he his book, I mine. That’s exactly what he said: “I’m reading a book.” And then he had a favorite book, which he asked me to read before bed.
Soon reading in the evenings with the kids became a tradition for us.
An evening fairy tale is perfect for creating a sense of security in a child: mom and dad are nearby, everything is fine, I can go to bed peacefully. The child relaxes and, “prepared for sleep,” goes to the crib.

If a child (under 5 years old) does not want to listen to a fairy tale, then it is better not to insist. The book should not be associated with unpleasant experiences from “pressuring” parents. Any pressure can discourage you from reading forever. The children from our kindergarten refused to listen to a fairy tale when they wanted to run around and play, but with great pleasure they immersed themselves in the world of books after their nap. Look for a time when your baby will be receptive to reading.

A fairy tale for a child is an immersion into a new, unknown world. There are as many bad fairy tales as there are good ones. So be selective! Read different fairy tales, look for what your baby likes best. For example, I like the fairy tales of G.Kh. Andersen, fairy tales in verse by A.S. Pushkina, N.N. Nosov “Dunno”, works by P.P. Bazhov, selectively Russian folk tales, tales of the peoples of the world.

Under 5 years of age, children, as a rule, have a poorly developed volitional sphere, and it is difficult for them to listen with concentration for more than 15 minutes. Therefore, read expressively, slowly, highlight the author and characters in your voice. Freeze, growl, squeak, shout loudly - create! Be sure to add gestures for expressiveness. This helps to draw the child's attention to you. Observe how long the child can listen carefully to a fairy tale - he begins to fidget, look around - finish reading or shorten the fairy tale, do not overload the baby’s consciousness. If you have almost finished reading, then offer to listen to the rest of the story. Redirect your child’s attention with questions about what you are reading: “What happened to the princess now? Why do you think she did this? What would you do in her place?” etc.

Choose books with beautiful illustrations. Look at the books you buy through the eyes of a child - calm colors, understandable characters. There should not be many drawings on one page, otherwise the child’s consciousness, clinging to the details, will not be able to grasp the essence. From my childhood I remember a book that I was afraid to approach. The artist depicted such a terrible wolf that I clung to my mother, afraid that he would jump on me.

Look at photographs (real photographs) and make up stories with your child, using definitions in your speech that describe what is happening in the photograph. The easiest place to start is with photographs of animals or nature. You can ask your child leading questions: “What animal is this? What qualities does it have? Let's think about him interesting story? etc. Then make it more complicated: use photographs with a plot, with a large number details, with two or three characters.

Describing and inventing stories helps develop a child’s speech and imagination, expand his vocabulary, and feel like the creator of a fairy tale.

Read a book of children's poems with your child. Funny rhymes will attract additional interest of the child. A child can easily memorize a short verse after several readings.

And here’s how I managed to get my elders interested in the book:

Reading a book together:

My older adopted children (Liza, 13 and Artem, 14) had difficulties reading books. One child pretended to read, and the other, due to severe lag, read almost syllable by syllable.

They could not overcome these difficulties on their own. It was necessary to involve them in the process, making it easy, collaborative and exciting...

To do this, our whole family started reading “The Master and Margarita” by M.A. Bulgakov. They each had a copy in their hands so they could follow along as the adults read. It was determined at will who would read as the author and who would read as the hero. They read expressively and emotionally. Since my husband and I had read the book before, we simply retold the difficult episodes. Children got used to not being shy about clarifying the meaning of unfamiliar words. After reading a few chapters we watched the movie. The guys commented on the viewing and were sincerely perplexed if the film did not contain episodes that became their favorites. The guys admitted that reading is much more interesting than watching a movie.
Lisa said: " When I read a book, I myself picture a whole world in my head, bright, interesting. After this, the film seems dry and colorless, and the actors do not always act accurately.".
This is how the children enjoyed reading for the first time. The whole family was “in the know,” so they often discussed the intricacies of the plot, the behavior of the characters, and memorable moments at the table during dinner.

Afterwards, Lisa, “coming of age,” became interested in the topic of love. I managed to direct her interest in books to keep her from practical experiments. The first thing I gave her were poems about love by the poets of Zolotoy and Silver Age: A.S. Pushkina, M.S. Lermontova, I.F. Annensky, A.A. Akhmatova, A.A. Blok, M.I. Tsvetaeva, O.E. Mandelstam, selectively S.A. Yesenina. At the same time, Lisa studied with interest war lyrics and lyrics E.A. Yevtushenko. Then I suggested reading together “The Last Poem” by R. Tagore. We read aloud and discussed. Since the work is talented, it evoked a great emotional response. Lisa ran after her friends, and we continued reading together. They kept notebooks in which they wrote out phrases from the book and especially favorite poems.

I offered her books that would help her understand and make sense of her own feelings, using the experiences of others. On this wave of interest in subtle human feelings, the works of the school curriculum were easily mastered: “ Cherry Orchard", "Lady with a Dog" (A.P. Chekhov), " Captain's daughter"(A.S. Pushkin), "Garnet Bracelet" (A.I. Kuprin). The old foreign bestseller “Angelica” (A. and S. Golon) caused a lot of thought.
Now, knowing what images my daughter has, it is easier for me to raise and discuss the topic of relationships with boys and issues that arise in adolescence. There is more trust and sincerity in our relationships.

Thanks to reading together, our family began to develop common traditions and rituals. When my husband and I pick quotes from our favorite books, the children are especially happy when they understand what work it is from and what the meaning of the joke is. They joke joyfully in response.

What to do if your child is not interested in what he is reading?

What are your child’s interests and level of training? If the books you give your child are not interesting, then this may be for two reasons: you gave a difficult book or the child’s volitional sphere is poorly developed.
You can start with the lungs and interesting stories, gradually complicating the material. To begin with, stories should have few characters, their actions should be logical and understandable for the child.
For those who are older, I recommend stories A.P. Chekhova, I.A. Bunina, they provide an opportunity to identify with a hero or situation.
It is not logical to give a child who has never picked up a book your favorite “War and Peace” by L.N. Tolstoy. He will not appreciate what you see in this book.
Then, when you see that he has already acquired a taste for it, you can give him freedom of choice. If he is passionate about traveling, then I recommend books to read together: - “Children of Captain Grant” by J.G. Verna "The Lost World" by A.K. Doyle.
Lisa and I started with light humorous stories A.P. Chekhov. Read, comment, discuss. Afterwards, she enthusiastically read the entire book on her own and asked her to pick out something equally interesting. I offered her “Star Diaries of Ion the Quiet” by S. Lem, “Kys” by T.N. Tolstoy.

I inspire and captivate children with the books I read myself.

While reading, I share my impressions of what I read, and read the passages I liked with expression. This gave older children a list of books they would like to read in the future.

• It is important to determine the exact time for reading with your child. For example, an hour after lunch or before bed. This way you can gradually create a habit of reading every day in your child.

• Let the reading take place in a comfortable environment for the child. Put him in comfortable chair with pillows, cover with a blanket. You can make tea, light a candle.

It will be great if reading turns from a tedious necessity into a holiday, into a mysterious ritual.

Dmitry Morozov

“For me, reading is a way to live several lives, try different paths, gain best material to build an Image of the world that corresponds to the tasks of personal self-improvement.”
World-renowned writer Ursula LeGuin expressed views in a recent interview that align with our pedagogical principles:
« To discipline something - in the correct sense of the word - does not mean to suppress, but to educate: to encourage growth, and action, and fruitfulness, be it peach tree or the human mind. I think the vast majority of Americans have been taught the opposite. They have been taught to suppress their imagination, to reject it as something childish or effeminate, unprofitable and possibly sinful.
They have learned to fear imagination, but they have never been taught to discipline it. However, I doubt that imagination can be suppressed. If you pull it up by the roots from a child, the child will grow into a vegetable. But if the imagination is rejected and despised, it will become wild and weakened, deformed. IN best case scenario a person with such an imagination will simply become a self-centered dreamer, or at worst, will engage in wishful thinking, and this is a very dangerous activity if indulged in seriously.
What then is the use of imagination? I think it's happening terrible thing: hardworking, honest, respected citizen, quite mature and even educated person afraid of dragons, afraid of hobbits and scared to death of fairies. It's funny, but scary at the same time. Something is wrong here. I don't know what to do about it other than try to give an honest answer to such a person's question, although this question is often asked in the most aggressive and arrogant tone: "What is the use of all this? Dragons and hobbits and little green men - what are they any use?" The most truthful answer, unfortunately, this person will not even listen to. He just won't hear. And the most truthful answer is: “The benefit is to give you joy and pleasure.” “I don’t have time for this,” he replies, swallowing an ulcer pill and hurrying to the golf course. Then let's try an answer that is fairly close to the truth. It probably won't be received much better, but it goes like this: "The benefit of fiction is that it helps you better understand your world, your fellows, your own feelings and my own destiny." I'm afraid he will object: "Last year I received a salary increase, I am able to give my family the best, we have two cars and a color TV latest model. I already understand everything in this world! "And he is right, undeniably right - if this is what he wants, and all he wants. Reading about the obstacles that the hobbit overcomes to throw the sinister magic ring into the mouth of a volcano invented by the author, you acquire something that has little in common with yours social status, or material well-being, or income. I am convinced that maturity is not outgrowing, but growth; that the adult is not a dead child, but a surviving child. I'm convinced that everything best abilities of an adult exist in a child and that if these abilities are encouraged in youth, then they manifest themselves beautifully and wisely in an adult, but if they are suppressed and rejected in a child, they stop and the person grows up crippled.
And finally, I am convinced that one of the most human and humane abilities is the power of imagination; so it is our pleasant duty as librarians, as teachers, or parents, or writers, or simply adults, to encourage this imaginative faculty in our children, to encourage it to grow freely, to blossom like an evergreen laurel, by giving it the best, the best, and the purest food that she can only assimilate. And never, under any circumstances, suppress her, do not mock her, do not hint that she is only characteristic of children, unworthy of a man, not true.
Of course the fantasy is true. It is not real, but it is true. Children know this. Adults know it too - and that is precisely why they are afraid of fantasy. They know that its truth contradicts and even threatens everything that is false, counterfeit, that does not bring concrete benefit to the life into which they have allowed themselves to be drawn. They are afraid of dragons because they are afraid of freedom. I am convinced that we must trust our children. Normal children do not mix reality and fantasy - they mix them to a much lesser extent than we adults (as one great science fiction writer showed in the fairy tale “The King’s New Clothes”). Children know very well that unicorns don't exist, but they also know that books about unicorns - if they good books- true. Too often this is more than their moms and dads know, because by denying their childhood, adults deny half their own knowledge, leaving only the sad and sterile fact: “Unicorns don’t exist.” And this fact will lead no one anywhere (except in the story written by another great science fiction writer, "The Unicorn in the Garden", where the hero's conviction that unicorns are unreal leads him straight to a madhouse). It is with the help of such phrases as: “Once upon a time there was a dragon” or “Once upon a time there lived in a hole underground a hobbit” - with the help of such beautiful non-existent facts, we, fantastic human beings, can come in our own special way to the truth».

Dmitry Morozov:
“From the age of 4, I read to my son and helped him understand the meaning of the following books:

• Tales of A.S. Pushkina, L.N. Tolstoy, V. Gauf

• Poems by S.Ya. Marshak,

Among his favorite books:

• "Mowgli" by R. Kipling,

• "Bambi" F. Salten,

• N.N. Nosov "Dunno"

• "The Hobbit" - D.R. Tolkien,

• “Gulliver's Travels” (adapted) by D. Swift

• "Robinson Crusoe" by D. Defoe.

I do not recommend reading many modern fantasy books for children. These books lead away from the real laws on which human life and society are built, and therefore disorient the developing personality. Take books that are closer to real life, to the challenges that lie ahead.

Books read by Svyatoslav independently from 8 years old:

• S. Thomson - stories about animals,

• M. Twain "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer"

• K. Pleshakov “Bogatyrs” - 2 volumes - I highly recommend finding them!

At the age of ten:

• History textbooks for grades 5 - 7 with my comments

• Textbooks of natural history and biology for grades 3 - 7

• "The Three Musketeers" by A. Dumas

• J. Verne “Children of Captain Grant”, “The Mysterious Island”, etc.

• "The Lord of the Rings" by D.R. Tolkien

• "Harry Potter" by J.K. Rowling

• L. Voronkova “Trace of fiery life”, etc. - I raised a love and understanding of history in my son through her books.

• J. London "White Fang", "Call of the Wild"

At the age of 12, Svyatoslav read without stopping:

• “Crusaders” - G. Sienkiewicz

• M. Semenova - “Valkyrie” and the entire cycle about the Vikings, “Wolfhound” ( only the first part)

• "The Witcher" - A. Sapkowski

• “The Lost World” - A.K. Doyle.

• “Monday begins on Saturday” and “It’s hard to be a god” - B. and A. Strugatsky

• On the edge of the Oikumene - I.A. Efremov

List of books that my older children aged 13 - 14 read with pleasure

• A.N. Tolstoy - “Nikita’s Childhood”

• A. Green - “Scarlet Sails”

• R.L. Stevenson - "Black Arrow", "Treasure Island"

• "White Squad" A.K. Doyle

• J. London - “Smoke Bailey” - This is a series of stories about friendship, courage, about how you can live in constant overcoming of your weaknesses, and at the same time sincerely enjoy difficulties and achievements.

• R. Kipling - “Kim” - about how a boy overcomes difficulties and dangers, friendship, devotion to the Teacher,

• G. Wells - “War of the Worlds”,

• “Angelica” and continuation - A. and S. Golon(good for girls, but requires comments from mom )

• M. Stewart "Hollow Hills", etc.

In 11th grade:

• “It’s hard to be a god” and B. and A. Strugatsky in general.

• “The Razor’s Edge” - I.A. Efremov, after watching the film "Alexander the Great" - “Thais of Athens.”

Books that help you overcome the instinct of a loser and a coward, a hymn to work and risk, plus an educational program on the economics of capitalism: D. Clavell “Shogun” and “Tai Pan”, then watching TV series (after, not before!)

My comments were read with great pleasure “The Master and Margarita” by M.A. Bulgakov, “Walking through torment” by A.N. Tolstoy.

I managed to insist and draw into reading such necessary school curriculum books like “War and Peace” L.N. Tolstoy, “Quiet Don” by M.A. Sholokhov. After the book, it’s useful to watch a movie - everyone together and with discussion!

For adults who come to Kitezh, we recommend starting to read world literature with the novels “The Master and Margarita”, “ White Guard» M.A. Bulgakov, “Quiet Don” by M.A. Sholokhov, “War and Peace” by L.N. Tolstoy, “The Brothers Karamazov” by F.M. Dostoevsky, as well as the works of I.A. Bunina, A.P. Chekhova, N.V. Gogol, M.E. Saltykova - Shchedrin.

If you have the impression that you already read all this during your school years, then try re-reading it anyway. Most likely it will turn out that due to your youth and lack of life experience, you have missed a lot of things. I re-read War and Peace at age 45 and was shocked by the power of Tolstoy. I don’t know what kind of person he was, but he knew how to reflect life in all its contradictions like no one else.

• “Inhabited Island” and “Monday Begins on Saturday” by A. and B. Strugatsky- for children and youth, but if you haven’t read it before, I recommend it at any age. And only then

• “Ugly Swans”, “Roadside Picnic”, “Doomed City” by A. and B. Strugatsky and others.

• M. Wilson “My Brother is My Enemy” and “Live with Lightning.”
• G. Hesse “The Glass Bead Game”, but, by the way, the whole thing.

• G. Marquez “One Hundred Years of Solitude.”

• R. Rolland "Life of Ramakrishna".

• "Twice Born"- this is mine, but it’s also not bad.

Spiritual literature in the protective coloring of fiction:

• R. Zelazny “Prince of Light”,

• G. Oldie “The Messiah cleanses the disk”, “There must be one hero”.

• Five volumes of F. Herbert "Dune".

• C. Castaneda(except for the first volume - there it is more about drugs to increase circulation).

About psychology:

• books by N.I. Kozlova- easy and with humor.

For those with a penchant for philosophy:

• A. Maslow, E. Fromm, L. N. Gumilev, And A. Efremov - “Hour of the Bull” and “Andromeda Nebula”- these books are much smarter than is usually noticed.

Based on self-knowledge, I personally found a lot of help in rethinking the works of an ethnopsychologist A. Shevtsova. If you understand his unusual terminology, it’s great, although unusual.
If you haven’t read books related to spirituality before, then don’t start with Maigret’s Anastasia Chronicles or Surfing with Transzealand. I also don’t believe books written by our compatriots under the names “Rama”, “Sharma”, etc. There is more spirituality in the novels of F.M. Dostoevsky and L.N. Tolstoy or the lives of Russian saints. But if you are looking for “lightly spiritual” literature, then read R. Bach’s “Jonathan Livingston Seagull”, “Illusions” or P. Coelho’s “The Alchemist”, but I don’t recommend it in large doses, otherwise you may end up stuck this level.
I recommend starting the search for yourself and the meaning of life with books N.I. Kozlova- written with humor and to the point. He doesn’t write about the spiritual, but he teaches us to see the real world and not deceive ourselves. And this is the first step to the highest.
Books by F.A. Malyavina - “Confucius” and a translation of the biography of the Taoist patriarch Li Peng. According to QiGong - master's books Choma(he is ours, Russian, so his experience is, as it were, more “edible”).
It is better to read books that are serious and require effort. But they bring awareness of oneself and the world to a new level. Among them, in my opinion:
D. Balashov “Burden of Power”, “Holy Rus'” and all other volumes. Very complex language, stylized as Old Russian, but if you break through the verbal delights, then this is the best that has been written about our history.

And no matter who writes about our history, the classics still have a taste of truth and life:

• M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Don"

• A.N. Tolstoy« Walking through torment."

According to modern history:

• A.I. Solzhenitsyn “The Gulag Archipelago”, “In the First Circle”

• A. Lebed “White Sun of the Desert”- the book is even better than the movie!

Just real literature:

• R. Warren "All the King's Men"».

• D. Steinbeck “The Winter of Our Anxiety”, “Cannery Row”- not at all spiritual, but everything is about life and written brilliantly.

• T.N. Fat "Kys"

• V. Pelevin “Life of Insects”, “Generation Pepsi”, and much more.

Once again, I’ll make a reservation that I haven’t listed everything, and what’s listed varies greatly in quality, but there’s no arguing about tastes.