The use of iron sulfate from pests in the garden. Iron vitriol is very important!!! autumn processing and why it is needed Iron sulfate how to apply

Fans of new drugs to combat diseases and pests of plants consider iron sulfate an outdated remedy. But, despite the innovations in horticulture, ferrous sulfate is popular due to its wide spectrum of action and low level of danger.

Ferrous vitriol is ferrous sulfate FeSO4. Available in the form of a greenish powder or granules with an active ingredient concentration of 53%. It dissolves well in water, and is suitable for the preparation of a fungicidal solution for plant protection against fungus. The drug is not used against bacterial infections.

A solution of ferrous sulfate has a high acidity. At elevated concentrations, it can cause burns of the epidermis and hard tissues of plants.
Ferrous sulfate is a contact fungicide. The protective effect for plants lasts up to two weeks.

The drug is not compatible with phosphorus-based products. Do not add alkaline compounds to it, in order to avoid chemical reaction rendering the drug unusable. Unlike copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate does not mix with lime.

For whitewashing the trunks, an aqueous solution is used without the addition of additional components. It is impossible to use copper and iron sulphates for protective treatments at the same time.

The shelf life of the dry matter is not limited under certain conditions. Granules and powder easily absorb moisture, therefore, when released, it is packaged in sealed packages. To store the remnants of the drug, it is necessary to use containers with a tight lid to avoid moisture ingress.

The cost of funds is low. Packing weighing 1 kg costs from 20 rubles.

Iron sulphate is suitable for fighting mold and other diseases for all types fruit trees And berry bushes. Processing is carried out in early spring before the leaves open or in late autumn.

Iron vitriol is used to heal cracks in the trunk of trees and treat hollows and wounds caused by pests. They are disinfected wooden surfaces in houses and storages from house fungus and mold.

Treatment with iron sulphate will protect grapes from oidium, apple trees from scab.

The effectiveness of a solution of ferrous sulfate has been proven against:

gray rot;
true and downy mildew;
clusterosporiosis;
alternariosis;
anthracnose;
coccomycosis;
chlorosis.

In autumn, the near-stem circle of trees is sprayed with a preparation after digging to destroy pests and fungal spores that have prepared for hibernation.

For whitewashing trunks and treating cracks and wounds, a solution is prepared from 100 g of the drug per liter of water. The agent is applied with an ordinary whitewash brush, paying attention Special attention the affected areas. The cut points of old and pest-exposed branches are processed.

When preparing the solution and applying the product, the age of the trees should be taken into account. The bark of young apple and pear trees is thin and sensitive to the drug. Therefore, only one treatment is carried out for them in preparation for winter. To protect old trees, you can use iron sulfate 2 times per season.

For the treatment of diseases caused by a fungus, trees and shrubs are sprayed with a solution of 30 g of the drug per 10 liters of water. Events are held 2-3 times with an interval of a week, but no later than the leaf blooming time in spring. Autumn processing begins after the branches are completely exposed. Spraying is carried out with the capture of the trunk, all branches and the near-stem circle.

Iron vitriol is not used as a fertilizer. But it can be used to treat all types of plant chlorosis. In small doses, it replenishes iron deficiency and prevents chlorosis caused by pests.

The solution is prepared from 50 g of the drug per 10 liters of water. Spraying is carried out on the affected leaves 5-7 times until the signs of chlorosis disappear. Such treatments are carried out in the summer before the fruit formation phase.

When treating vineyards for chlorosis, the drug is applied to the soil and sprayed over the leaves, depending on the cause of the disease.

From mosses and lichens, which often appear on old fruit trees, a solution of ferrous sulfate is prepared at the rate of 10 liters of water 300 g of the drug for fruit trees, and 500 g for pome trees.

Treatments are carried out by spraying the affected area several times in spring and autumn.

Some gardeners argue that surface treatments for fungus with iron sulfate are not very effective. The causative agent of diseases can hide in the depths of the bark or in the root system. They recommend using the drug in combination with other protective agents. Spring used blue vitriol or Bordeaux mixture, and in the fall iron vitriol.

How to use iron sulphate as a fertilizer

Iron sulphate has the ability to inhibit the development of the kidneys. This quality is indispensable when growing grapes. Unstable spring weather, returning frosts can significantly affect the fertility of the vine. Vine growers often use iron sulphate as a means of increasing the resistance of the crop to cold temperatures. The first treatment is carried out no later than 7 days after the removal of the winter shelter from the vine.

The dosage of the solution depends on the purpose of use:

To protect against mildew, oidium and other infections, a solution of 400-500 g of the drug per 10 liters of water is used.
For frost protection 50 to 100 g per 10 liters of water.
For the destruction of moss and lichen on the vine 300 g per 10 liters of water.
For the treatment of chlorosis 50 g per 10 liters of water.
For the prevention of fungal diseases and vine rot in winter shelters up to 500 g per 10 liters.

The concentration of the solution for spring treatment should be less than for the autumn protection of grapes.

How grapes are processed with vitriol

The fungus often causes black spotting on roses. This is not just a decorative defect, but a serious disease that, if ignored, leads to death. rose bushes. To treat the disease, roses are sprayed with a 3% solution of iron sulfate 3-4 times during the growing season.

To prevent the disease, treatments are carried out in the fall before sheltering the bushes for the winter. The solution is treated with cut shoots and soil. Before this, be sure to remove all fallen leaves and loosen the ground around. Iron vitriol copes well with the destruction of the fungus, and increases the resistance of flower shoots to low temperatures.

Interesting! A solution of ferrous sulfate can be used to eliminate odors emanating from outdoor toilets and cesspools. Dilute 500 g of the drug in a bucket of water, and spray inside and around the room. Part of the liquid can be poured straight into the pit. For dry closets, this product is not recommended.

The relative safety of the drug does not exempt from the use of protective equipment when preparing the solution and working with it. The acidic composition can cause severe irritation and burns on the skin and mucous membranes.

In case of contact with skin, rinse immediately big amount water with baking soda.

When working with the solution, remove children and pets.

Important! If there were no exact scales at hand, then you can determine the weight of the drug with a spoon. To prepare a solution with a concentration of 2%, mix half a tablespoon of the powder in 1 liter of water. The solution must have bright orange color. Based on these proportions, a 1% solution is prepared from half a spoon per 2 liters of water.

Vladimir Vasilyevich, Krasnodar

I have been using iron sulphate to protect my garden for a long time. Unlike new drugs, it is not necessary to figure out which type of fungus interferes normal development culture. The tool, of course, is a little dangerous if you overdo it with the dosage. For treatments garden plants in the fall, you'll find better. In addition, it costs a penny, and you can buy it at any hardware store.

Marina Sergeevna, Saratov region

Now a lot good money to protect garden and garden plants. But most often they have a limited scope. From pests you need one thing, against diseases another. The pension is not enough to buy all these funds. And as you read the composition, it’s generally scary to use on the farm. Iron sulfate is good against everything. And most importantly, you can use it without fear of poisoning your family. Even for bees, it is not dangerous, because it is not used during the flowering period.

Ferrous vitriol or iron-II sulfate is a fungicide for protecting garden plants from fungal diseases, as well as killing mosses and lichens on trees. It is a 53% salt formed by the interaction of ferrous iron and sulfuric acid, associated with water molecules (crystal hydrate) - granules or powder of light green or gray-green color (sometimes with a brown tint), highly soluble in water.

Mechanism of action: contact. The period of protective action is 14 days. The shelf life of ferrous sulfate is not limited, the drug is hygroscopic, so it should be stored in a tightly closed glass or plastic container in a dry place.

Application

Iron sulfate is used in the garden to protect plants from a number of diseases:

alternariosis
anthracnose
coccomycosis
clusterosporiosis
gray rot
apple trees and pears
downy mildew
real
grape oidium

Ferrous sulfate does not protect against bacterial infections. Practically not used in indoor floriculture.

You can spray trees and shrubs only in spring or autumn - strictly before bud break or after leaf fall and bare branches. Iron vitriol is not used as a fertilizer and for the treatment of green leaf infections - it causes leaf tissue burns - the acidity of a 3-5% solution is about pH 3-5 (very acidic).

Consumption rates

As a rule, the following concentrations are used:

3% solution for stone fruits (plums, cherries, apricots, peaches, sweet cherries, cherry plums) - 300 g of ferrous sulfate powder per 10 liters of water. Spraying before cover on bare branches or vines.
4-5% solution for pome fruits (apple, pear, quince, chokeberry, grapes): 400-500 g of ferrous sulfate powder per 10 liters of water, with a consumption rate of about 10-15 liters per 100 m2.
5-6% solution - for the destruction of mosses and lichens on trees and garden tiles, as well as a basement or cellar from mold: 500-600 g of iron sulfate powder per 10 liters of water.

If you do not have scales, measure a 2% solution by eye: half a tablespoon of iron sulfate per 1 liter of water, you get a bright orange liquid.

Iron vitriol delays bud break (about a week), so treatment with a 3-4% solution before the start of the growing season helps to survive the period of spring frosts. This is especially true for crops such as grapes, if processed about a week after removing the winter shelter, exclusively on bare vines with unopened buds.

Disadvantages of iron sulfate

do not spray on leaves and young growths - ferrous sulfate burns them at a concentration of more than 1%
concentration up to 1% - practically ineffective for the pathogen
ferrous sulfate quickly oxidizes to ferric iron and loses its fungicidal properties
therefore, the period of protective action is on average only 10-14 days
very carefully it is necessary to process in the spring, it is advisable to use only in the fall

The effectiveness of iron sulfate

Treatment with iron sulphate in the spring delays the opening of the buds, slows down the awakening of the bush, and this, depending on the weather, is both a plus and a minus.

If we talk about the effectiveness of ferrous sulfate as a fungicide, then it is rather doubtful - surface spraying of the branches does not completely kill the fungus, spores can be stored in closed places (for example, behind the bark) and places inaccessible to processing. Therefore, if you have valuable grape varieties or fruit trees, preference should be given to copper preparations: this, oxychom, etc.

Although many gardeners very effectively apply such a scheme for treating the garden from diseases: in the spring - spraying with copper sulphate, in the fall - with iron.

Iron sulfate compatibility

The drug is incompatible in general solutions with organophosphate insecticides and other drugs that decompose in an alkaline environment. Do not mix ferrous sulfate with lime.

People involved in growing plants in a garden or garden are intimately familiar with this effective drug. In most cases, when diseases occur or for prevention, inexperienced farmers prefer various kinds of chemicals and.

But the use of iron sulfate brings a lot more positive results than modern methods fight. At the same time, the impact of the insecticide causes less harm to fruit crops than when using other means.

, designed to fight diseases that provoke a fungus, as well as the occurrence of moss growths on tree trunks and lichens. The chemical is produced in the form of small granules of a pale green or light green shade with a gray impurity, and is also sold in the form of a friable powder. The agent in any form is easily soluble in liquid.
The composition of the fungicide consists of a salt (53%), which was formed by the contact of sulfuric acid, combined with crystalline hydrate and ferrous iron.

Insecticide treatment in the first spring months provokes a slowdown in bud break and inhibits the awakening of the entire plant. Such a process has both positive results under certain weather conditions and a negative effect.

Iron vitriol is often used as a fertilizer, as well as a substance for disinfecting greens and bark of fruit crops. In addition, the drug is used as an insecticide. The diluted consistency of iron sulphate acts with increased level. This negatively affects green foliage, if the fungicide is sprayed on young leaf blades, it can cause burns.

Therefore, the procedure for influencing trees and shrubs is carried out only in early spring, before the start of the vegetation of plants. In addition to the first spring month, the event is allowed to be held in the fall - after the harvest and complete fall of the leaves.

The first reason why culture is exposed fungal disease- fallen leaves. If it is not removed, fungal spores begin to develop inside its clusters, which provoke the disease. Inopportunely collected foliage is capable of transmitting dangerous diseases from the ground to the trunk and branches. It is recommended both in spring and autumn to disinfect not only the ground part of the plants, but also the soil under them.

It is best to carry out spraying activities in the fall.

Gardeners purchase ferrous sulfate II for use in the following situations:

For treatment of tree diseases for the spring and autumn period.
To eliminate pests from branches and bark, as well as their larvae, and eggs laid for the future.
For irrigation of the plot - many farmers use chemical agent for fertilizing the territory, due to the fact that the drug contributes to the saturation of the soil with iron. Such top dressing has a beneficial effect on increasing the growth of plantings.
While digging the soil, introducing the drug along with humus into the soil.
To neutralize scab or black cancer.
For therapy (real and false), coccomycosis, or gray rot.
For treatment different colors, including spotting.
For preventive measures on.
For processing sections after pruning, so that pathogenic bacteria or pests do not join the plant.

Iron vitriol is not intended for processing indoor flowers. It is used exclusively for influencing fruit crops placed in open ground. Thus, the insecticide has a wide spectrum of action. It is used not only to eliminate pathogenic bacteria, but also as a growth stimulator inside the earth.

So that the drug does not cause even more harm instead of good, it is required to accurately maintain the required concentration of the solution. To do this, you need to accurately follow the dosage for diluting the essence.

The following standards are distinguished for the correct impact on various fruit crops:

To eliminate moss or lichens on the bark of trees, a liquid is used, with a 5% concentration of the drug - 600 gr. iron sulphate powder per 10 liters. liquids.
A solution of ferrous sulfate for pears, requires 4% of the composition of the fungicide - up to 500 gr. fungicide granules on a bucket of liquid. In this case, the water consumption should not exceed 10 liters. per 100 m2.
Stone fruits (,) are irrigated with a 3% solution: 0.3 g is diluted per 10 liters of liquid (a bucket of water). powder. Spraying is done in the fall before preparing for winter (shelter), after the leaves have completely fallen off along the bare shoots.
Disinfection of cellars from various fungal diseases requires a highly concentrated essence - 500 gr. insecticide on a bucket of water.
As a preventive measure, irrigation is carried out with a 1% solution. This requires no more than 150 gr. granules of the drug diluted by 15 liters. liquids.

Other shrubs with a delicate structure of the leaf blade need an even greater decrease in the concentration of the solution. This is necessary to avoid burns on the leaves. The spraying event is held on a warm, windless day. It is best to implement the procedure either in the morning before sunrise, or late in the evening, when the rays of the luminary disappeared beyond the horizon.

If the sun is not expected on the scheduled day, and the weather is cloudy, then spraying is carried out if there is an exact certainty that there will be no rain in the near future. Otherwise, if precipitation falls, the whole procedure will be in vain.

Thus, during the work to combat diseases and pests, one should be guided by the main rule - do not harm the plant. Therefore, it is better to dilute the required amount of essence with a minimum dosage than to increase the rate and burn the entire leaf cover of the plant.

Iron sulfate is not as dangerous as copper sulfate. He has a 3rd level of danger. This suggests that the drug is not capable of self-ignition or explosion without human assistance.

During interaction with the substance, it is not necessary to wear a protective gown and gloves. Main. It is required to ensure that the substance does not get on the mucous membrane of the eyes or mouth. If any amount of a highly concentrated 5% substance gets on the skin of a person, it is urgently necessary to wash your hands under plenty of running water using laundry soap.

For chemical substances it is recommended to allocate storage space in the garage or utility room. It is believed that the use of the drug better in autumn than in the first months of spring. This is due to the fact that foliage has already flown from trees and shrubs and it cannot be burned, which happens in the spring if the procedure is carried out late.

More information can be found in the video:

An inexpensive, affordable remedy with a wide spectrum of action - this is how the owners characterize iron sulfate. The use of ferrous sulfate in horticulture is not only protection against pests: the solution is suitable for disinfecting cellars, cesspools, and mold control.

Many summer residents use ferrous sulfate solutions of various concentrations for autumn and spring processing of fruit trees. A good effect is the use of iron sulfate as a fertilizer. A lot of useful information for summer residents - in this article.

Release form

Ferrous vitriol is a chemical compound, a greenish-blue powder. The concentration of the active substance is 53%.

Ferrous sulfate II is actively used by summer residents for the care of fruit crops, preventive measures, and the destruction of harmful insects. To treat different surfaces, the owners prepare a solution of a certain concentration. It is impossible to break the fortress of the composition: possible leaf burn, damage to the bark, at a low concentration, the effect of the procedure weakens.

You can buy iron sulfate in different packaging:

packages of 200 g - price from 10 to 15 rubles;
kraft bags 25, 40 and 50 kg - price from 21 to 37 rubles per kg;
for large farms, the price of a ton of ferrous sulfate is from 3,600 to 5,500 rubles.

Benefit and action

Ferrous sulfate - universal remedy. Unlike the more toxic one, the bluish-green crystalline substance is suitable not only for protecting the garden from pests and diseases, but also for other operations.

Summer residents use a solution of ferrous sulfate in the following cases:

for whitewashing fruit tree trunks in spring/autumn;
for the destruction of harmful insects, with a preventive purpose;
for treatment dangerous disease- spotted roses;
as a remedy for the appearance of hollows and wounds on the bark of trees;
as a valuable fertilizer;
how to destroy house fungus;
for disinfection of walls of vegetable stores, cellars;
to protect grapes from diseases and pests;
for elimination bad smell from country toilets, cesspools;
against scab, mosses, lichens on horticultural crops Oh.

Concentration

How to breed iron sulfate? A positive processing result will be only if the strength of the solution is strictly observed:

treatment of chlorosis - concentration 0.05%;
fight against oidium, mildew - 4 or 5%;
autumn processing of grapes - from 3 to 5%;
fight against lichens, mosses - concentration 3%;
spring treatment of plants after removal protective coating– from 0.5 to 1%;
as a microfertilizer for grapes - from 0.1 to 0.2%, for foliar feeding potatoes, all types of cabbage, tomatoes, the concentration is higher - from 0.5 to 1%;
treatment of wounds, disinfection of hollows, whitewashing of trunks - 10%;
fertilizer for digging along with compost - a concentration of 10% (for 10 kg of organic matter, take 100 g of ferrous sulfate);
treatment of raspberry bushes, currants - the concentration of the solution is 2.5%;
during the growing season, the solution is not stronger than 1%, after dropping the leaves - 5%;
prevention of scab, black cancer, septoria - a strong remedy, the concentration of the solution is 5%;
destruction of house fungus - 15%, for whitewashing the walls of cellars, storages with grain, a 6% solution is needed;
the fight against black spot on roses is a rather weak solution, the concentration is 0.3%.

On a note! In the spring, spraying is carried out in mid-April, when the air and soil warmed up, the pests woke up and had time to lay their eggs. Autumn processing begins after the foliage is shed. Interseasonal spraying is the prevention of the penetration of dangerous pests.

Advantages

Ferrous sulfate in the form of a crystalline powder has many advantages:

a wide range of activities;
protection of many horticultural crops, vines from diseases and pests;
the benefits of spring / autumn processing of the garden, greenhouses, gardens;
active fungicidal properties: destruction of the fungus on the walls of basements, granaries;
ease of preparation of the working solution: iron sulfate II must be dissolved in water, and the composition is ready for use;
long shelf life of crystals without loss of useful properties;
iron is in the composition of sulfate in a form easily accessible to fruit trees, vegetables, shrubs;
with the right concentration of the solution - a rather delicate effect on plants;
the working solution is suitable for spraying vegetable, fruit, berry crops;
good disinfectant country toilet, cesspool;
iron sulfate is actively used for fertilizing various crops;
manufacturers offer different weight packages and bags with iron sulfate for summer residents and large farms;
the cost of iron sulphate is quite acceptable compared to some types of protective agents and fertilizers.

Flaws

Like any gardening agent, ferrous sulfate II has disadvantages:

For different types plants, disinfection, pest control, as a microfertilizer, for processing in autumn and spring, its own concentration of the working solution is required. An incorrect dosage of green-blue crystals per liter of water worsens the result, often provokes leaf damage or does not give a noticeable effect from the procedure;
water easily washes away particles of the substance, you need to wait until dry, windless, cloudy weather is established;
ferrous sulfate does not destroy pests wintering in the soil or tree bark. Late application of the solution harms the future crop and the tree itself.

Application in horticulture against pests

Ferrous sulfate solution effective remedy to destroy dangerous insects damaging fruit and vegetable crops. With careful spraying of trees, almost half of the individuals of the apple sucker die, damaging many plants. Often, after spraying, not only adult insects die, but also larvae, eggs laid by pests.

Iron vitriol destroys:

codling moth;
leaf beetles;
sawflies.

On a note! The gardener must focus not only on the calendar, but also on the temperature of the air and soil. At early processing pests sleep on trees and soil, there are no egg-laying, time and money wasted in vain. With late spraying of pears, plums, apple trees, fruit trees may be damaged, and pests wintering in the bark will continue to winter.

Iron vitriol protects plants in the garden from many dangerous diseases:

downy and true powdery mildew;
black spot;
septoria;
scab;
gray rot;
spotty necrosis;
black cancer;
anthracnose;
clasterosporiasis.

Mosses and lichens rarely settle on fruit trees and shrubs treated with ferrous sulfate. When undesirable organisms appear on the trunks, a 3% concentration of ferrous sulfate solution will cleanse the plants of growths. When spraying, spray the product not only on plants, but also on the ground. green leaves can not be treated with an active composition: burns are possible.

iron sulphate as a fertilizer

The good availability of the active substance in the composition of ferrous sulfate explains the active use of vitriol solution for feeding many vegetable crops, fruit trees.

For foliar top dressing, dissolve 5-10 g of the active agent in a small amount of water, bring the volume to 10 liters. This method is suitable for fertilizing tomatoes, potatoes, cabbage. A good option- combine 10 kg of compost with 100 g of vitriol crystals to fertilize plants in the garden.

Helpful Hints:

it is easy to get a fairly expensive and effective remedy from iron sulfate - iron chelate. For 10 liters of water you will need 2 tbsp. l. citric acid. After the crystals are completely dissolved, add ferrous sulfate - 1 tablespoon;
it is forbidden to mix bluish-green powder with lime. When iron and calcium come into contact, compounds are formed that plants in the garden do not absorb well. Perfect option- prepare a working solution in soft water.

Mold use

Ferrous sulfate is an inexpensive, effective remedy for eliminating granaries, basements. The toxic effect is minimal, the mold leaves the treated surfaces well.

Application Features:

you will need a solution of vitriol of medium concentration: for 10 liters a little warm water take 100 g of bluish-green crystals;
for ease of application, pour a little clay into a bucket with a prepared product for a more viscous consistency;
walk along the walls of the cellar or granary with a brush, carefully process all areas;
the optimal time for mold prevention is autumn;
processing is carried out twice, after the procedure, ventilate the cellar well.

Mold control, prevention of fungal infections, spraying of plants should be carried out in protective clothing. Be sure to wear a respirator latex gloves, protective plastic glasses, make sure that the liquid does not get on the hands or eye area. Iron vitriol is less toxic than copper sulfate, but care must be taken. If the liquid gets into the eyes or on the skin, immediately rinse these areas with running water. In case of severe irritation, visit a dermatologist or optometrist.

The fact that iron compounds are one of the most effective (and, importantly, inexpensive) means of combating mold and fungus is known to many, since if not construction, then almost everyone is involved in repairs. However, this is not the only scope of copper and iron sulphate. Experienced summer residents prefer them to numerous store-bought fungicides.

The advantage of these powders is that they are used more widely, and not only for the elimination of damage to garden vegetation by rot, scab, moniliosis and a number of other diseases. They are no less effective as disinfectants, and are also often applied to some types of soil as a mineral top dressing.

However, not everything is so clear. There are differences between iron and copper sulfate in some properties, the specifics of use and a number of other parameters, which is quite understandable, given the differences in their chemical composition. This is overlooked by inexperienced gardeners, believing that their scope in gardening is completely identical. Therefore, it is important to know which powder to use and for what purposes.

Its blue, with a slightly greenish tint, crystals contain approximately 55% of the active substance.

Specifications for products - grade, chemical composition and a number of other features of ferrous sulfate or its sulfate (common names for this powder) are detailed in GOST No. 6981 of 1994. By the way, in it it is referred to as iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate.

Features of the tool

Compared to copper "colleague", iron sulphate practically does not contain toxic components. However, its overdose is undesirable, as it causes a number of side effects. Therefore, when preparing various solutions based on it, it is necessary to observe the recommended proportion.
Ferrous vitriol does not differ in flammability. However, many sources emphasize that it is explosive. This fact dictates the need for particularly careful observance of security measures.
Shelf life is unlimited, unlike most advertised expensive drugs. The only requirement is in a dry place and in hermetic closure.

As a rule, it is sold in bags of 200 and 250 g.

The use of iron sulphate

Soil top dressing

Iron is one of the most essential chemical elements for plants. By introducing it into the soil, it is possible to increase crop yields, "revive" old or fading trees and shrubs, in a word, give a new impetus to the development of garden plantings.

Recommended for autumn work on the site add iron sulphate to organic fertilizers, which, before proceeding with digging the soil, are scattered over the territory. This is especially important for fruit and berry, as well as a number of ornamental plants. For example, currants, gooseberries, roses. During the winter, not without help melt water, the earth is saturated with iron to a sufficient depth. In this form, the root system of representatives of the flora is much easier to absorb.

On a note!

The use of iron sulfate as a top dressing is a very delicate issue. The dosages indicated on the packages are approximate and are only advisory. It is necessary to take into account not only the characteristics of the soil on the site, but also the type of vegetation, appearance one or another representative of the flora. Perhaps there is enough iron in the soil for him, and the reason for the faded foliage (poor yield, small fruits) is completely different. Therefore, the advice of a specialist on this item will definitely not be superfluous. Especially if you take into account that the autumn use of chemicals is highly undesirable.

Pest extermination

A 5% solution destroys not only insects, but also their larvae, egg laying. Iron vitriol is recommended for spraying garden plants, and as an additive to whitewash, which is used to process trunks. Preferably in autumn and early spring.

Unfortunately, not all sources indicate the peculiarity of the preparation of the whitewash composition. Mixing ferrous sulfate with lime, which is mainly used by summer residents, is undesirable. If it is decided to use this particular powder for prevention, then it is necessary to whitewash trees and shrubs with a special tool. It is often referred to as garden paint. Not in short supply and inexpensive.

Plant disease control

Experienced gardeners use iron sulfate not only in fact, that is, when identifying lesions, but primarily as a prophylactic. It is effective against black cancer, fruit (gray) rot, scab, powdery mildew. And it's not full list all the ailments that iron vitriol cures. It is also used to get rid of vegetation and garden plot from lichens, mosses.

Prevention (elimination) of chlorosis

Such a specific disease of horticultural crops is the result of a lack of iron elements in the soil. Bringing into it this powder, the owner of the site restores the ecological balance, thereby increasing not only the yield of plants, but also their immunity.

Disinfection of places of mechanical damage

Unfortunately, trees and shrubs are susceptible to them not only from careless handling of garden tools. For example, pruning, which is systematically carried out on the site. In addition, birds, constantly looking for insects on the trunks and under the bark; strong gusts of wind breaking branches. Treatment of lesions with iron sulphate promotes rapid healing of wounds.

Surface treatment

Iron vitriol is an effective tool used by gardeners for disinfection, various mini-warehouses and storage facilities. Ceilings, walls and even floors are processed with its solution. This ensures that mold and mildew are unlikely to appear in this limited space.

Approximate dosages of iron sulphate

For those gardeners who did not buy it, but took it from someone, approximate data on the concentration of the powder may come in handy (in%).

Spraying, whitewashing - 8 - 10.
The fight against black spot - 0.3.
Prevention of scab, black cancer and a number of other diseases - 5.
Processing of walls, ceilings of storage facilities - 5 - 7.

If the plants are in the growing season, then regardless of the goals pursued by the gardener, using iron sulfate, the maximum concentration of the powder is 1%, no more. This should not be forgotten.

blue vitriol

Unlike the iron "analogue", the assortment of this powder is larger. It differs in brands (A and B) and grades (from the second to the highest). Technical specifications for products are established by GOST No. 19347 of 1999. Percentage of active chemical element in copper sulphate no more than 25%.

The color of copper sulphate granules is from blue to blue.

Feature of the tool

Copper sulfate is poisonous (hazard class 3), although not everyone knows about it, and some simply ignore such information. Therefore, in the process of applying the powder, special care must be taken. First of all, exclude the possibility of getting the drug into the eyes or mucous membranes.
Used not only in pure form but also as a component of other formulations. On the basis of copper sulphate, Bordeaux liquid and a number of other mixtures, known to most gardeners, are prepared.
One of the features of the drug is that the expediency of its use for solving certain problems is largely determined by the season. In the spring, a solution of copper sulphate is used, as a rule, for spraying plantations, in the fall - as a top dressing applied to the soil. In the summer, few gardeners work with blue vitriol. Only if it is necessary to treat plants when a so-called root cancer is detected, which most often manifests itself in seedlings.
Preparation of solutions based on copper sulphate in metal containers is not recommended!
This drug has an expiration date. Before use, this should be taken into account. In practice, gardeners often simply increase the recommended concentration of copper sulfate solution if the storage period indicated by the manufacturer has expired (this is done, of course, within reasonable limits).
The toxicity of the agent causes some difficulties with the disposal of unused formulations. Especially on suburban area where, with rare exceptions, there is no centralized wastewater system. That is why it is desirable to prepare preparations based on copper sulfate in the amount necessary to solve the problems facing the gardener, and no more.
It is forbidden to mix blue vitriol with any other pesticides! By the way, not all gardeners know this.

Sold in sachets with a capacity of 100 to 300 g or bottles (from 50 ml).

The use of copper sulfate

The fight against rot

This drug is well known as an effective means of preventing and destroying mold and fungal diseases. Gardeners use it in areas for processing country houses, outbuildings and various designs located on the territory (arbors, benches, pool bowls), as well as, if necessary, soil. If we are talking about soil mixtures that are in appropriate containers (containers, boxes) located in greenhouses, greenhouses, outbuildings, then copper sulfate is simply irreplaceable for their disinfection.

Extermination of garden pests

It is advisable to use copper sulfate for spraying plantations with the onset of warm days. The drug allows you to almost completely rid the site of overwintered pests and their larvae (under the bark of trees, in trunk circle, in hollows, and so on), as well as fungal spores.

Mixing

Several formulations are used in horticulture, but two are best known in the private sector.

Bordeaux liquid. It is obtained by mixing solutions that are prepared separately. Based on a bucket, you will need 100 g of copper sulfate and slaked lime.

Burundi blend. First, copper sulfate (100 g) is diluted in 0.5 buckets. In parallel, in the same volume of water - laundry soap (40 g) and soda ash (90 g). On final stage diluted vitriol is gradually added to the second solution, while constant mixing is carried out.

Perhaps these are the main areas of application of copper sulfate in horticulture. Top dressing of the soil is carried out, as a rule, where it is necessary to obtain thick, juicy grass for agricultural animals. And in other cases, it is not used as intensively as iron vitriol.

Approximate dosages of copper sulfate

Values - in %

spraying

Fruit trees - from 0.5 (cherry, apricot, cherry, plum and other stone fruits) to 1 (apple, quince, pear).
Berry bushes - 1.5 liters (1%) each. But only if we are talking about currants or gooseberries. It is not recommended to use copper sulfate for spraying other berry bushes!

Disinfection of the roots of seedlings - 1

They are immersed in a container with a solution of copper sulfate for 2 - 3 minutes.

Treatment

Soil - 0.5 (based on 1.8 l / m²).
Planting material (seeds, bulbs) - 0.2.

The fight against plant diseases - 0.5.

It remains to add that neither copper nor iron sulphate is a panacea. Therefore, it is not worth expecting that their use gives a 100% guarantee. If the result from the use of solutions in any case turns out to be lower than expected, then other drugs should be tried. An important factor is the correct determination of the processing time. Focusing only on various calendars for summer residents is not entirely correct, since the information in them is generalized. The vegetation on the site itself will tell you when to start this or that agrotechnical measure. You just need to carefully observe it, and everything will become clear.