Equipment for making wooden chairs. Chair manufacturing technology. Expert tips for creating natural wood furniture

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Production of stools. Making furniture starts small.

Today, furniture production produces a wide variety of items upholstered furniture designed for sitting, such as chairs, armchairs, sofas, ottomans... The abundance of models and colors can drive a person brought up during the Soviet period crazy. But a small backless chair with a square or round seat is still in stable demand - stool, which got its name from the French language.

The “great-grandfather” of the stool is considered to be an ordinary wooden block on which people sat in primitive times. And today, start own production furniture is best started with the simplest, inexpensive and necessary item, which rightfully is a stool.

The stool is compact and small in size, often used in rooms with a small area, especially in the kitchen, so it is sometimes sold complete with kitchen table. Stools are made of wood, plastic and metal, have 3 - 4 legs, sometimes with crossbars between the legs. Not so long ago, almost all stools were equipped with only a hard seat, today they are most widespread upholstered stools made of leather or fabric.

The availability of materials and the steady demand for stools make it possible to make quite good money from their production. Many large furniture enterprises began their history with small workshops for the production of such small furniture.

Simple for production stools All you need is a saw, a plane, a file, sandpaper, a board, nails, and paint. Four legs and a seat are cut out of the board, then the blanks are processed with a plane, file and sandpaper. Then the legs are nailed to the seat. The surface of the finished stool is painted. Everything is as simple as shelling pears! Sizes don't really matter. Typically the seat is 33x33 cm, the leg is 45 cm long and the cross-section is 4x4 cm.

Of course, with a simple hand tools It is impossible to open a full-fledged mass furniture production. For industrial production furniture will need appropriate equipment in the form electric saw, lathe, drilling and sanding machines, electric planer and other necessary devices.

You can make a small batch of stools at home or in the garage, but for organizing more or less serious furniture production, including stools, you need a suitable room where furniture production will be located, as well as warehouses for materials and finished products.

Besides the most simple designs, you can make other models of stools from various materials, using plastic, metal, valuable species wood, decorating them with carvings, paintings, leather upholstery of a soft seat. And yet, the main requirements for the product are reliability, strength, convenience and aesthetic design.

Drawings of the most different models stools, descriptions, dimensions, color illustrations and production technologies can be easily found on the Internet, so you will not have any problems with this. From a business point of view, when choosing a stool model, you should take into account the cost of the material, the complexity of manufacturing, the time required for production and the possible price of its sale.

It is necessary to calculate and provide for the wholesale purchase of materials: boards, slats, glue, etc. Some of them can be purchased from furniture companies as production waste. Finished products can be sold to furniture stores.

Start with something simple - making stools. Having gained invaluable experience and skills, you will be able to try making upholstered furniture in the future. By the way, for those who want to learn how to make upholstered furniture on their own, I recommend a very sensible training course from Roman Zhuravlev “ Photo Video Instruction on the production of upholstered furniture at home", a description of which you can see on our website.

• How much can you earn making wooden furniture?
• What documents are needed to open a business producing wooden furniture?
• Do you need permits to open a business?

Furniture made from natural wood will never lose its relevance. The demand for wooden furniture shows stable growth from year to year, despite the fact that a lot of furniture made from alternative materials (glass, plastic, metal) appears. The main reasons for this are high environmental friendliness, the absence of toxic impurities, moreover, wood carries positive energy and warmth.

Assortment of natural wood products

Wood is the best raw material for making furniture for the kitchen and children's room.
That's why it's right organized business for the production of wooden goods will always find its client. The list of products that can be made from wood is very diverse:

• Tables;
• Chairs;
• Furniture for restaurants and bars;
• Gazebos and garden furniture;
• Doors and wall panels;
• Sofas and armchairs for offices;
• Cabinet furniture;
• Kitchen sets;
• Children's playgrounds;
• Gaming tables (billiards, poker);
• etc.
  

Which taxation system to choose for a wood furniture manufacturing business?

The organizational and legal form of an enterprise for the production of wooden furniture can be either an ordinary individual entrepreneurship or a company with limited liability. For small workshops, at the initial stage, a regular individual entrepreneur is quite suitable, since registering this activity (as well as closing it) is many times easier and cheaper than opening a legal entity (LLC). But, individual entrepreneurs cannot create their own branches, large firms are not so willing to work with them, and entrepreneurs have a greater risk of losing personal property (in the case lawsuits) than legal entities(who only risk the property of the LLC).

Therefore, with the consolidation of a business, registering an LLC promises a lot of advantages. As a taxation system, the most optimal is the simplified taxation system - simplified tax system, 6% of revenue or 15% of profit. Application of the simplified tax system exempts an enterprise from paying income tax, property tax and VAT. Switch to this special. the regime is implemented immediately at the time of business registration based on notification.

What is the OKVED code for a business producing furniture made of wood?

When registering a business, you must indicate the OKVED code in the application. The following codes are suitable for the production and sale of wooden furniture:

• 36.12 Production of furniture for offices and trade enterprises;
• 36.13 Production kitchen furniture;
• 36.14 Manufacture of other furniture
• 51.47.11 Wholesale trade of household furniture;
• 52.44.1 Retail sale of furniture;
• 52.44.5 Retail sale of wood, cork and wickerwork;
• 52.61.2 Retail trade carried out directly through television, radio, telephone and the Internet.

If you are opening an individual business, then in the application you should indicate all the OKVED codes under which you plan to work (you can have at least 30, it won’t be too much). If you register an LLC, you can indicate only one code, since the charter of the LLC will state that the Company can engage in any type of activity that does not contradict the law. As for the license. Mandatory licensing and certification of manufactured furniture is not established by law. But, some enterprises voluntarily issue quality certificates for their products (to increase sales). In this case, compliance with such norms and standards as:

• GOST 16371-93 “Furniture. General technical conditions";
• GOST 28793-90. Furniture. Tables. Definition of sustainability
• GOST 28777-90. Furniture. Test methods for children's beds
• GOST R 50051-92. Furniture. Chairs. Definition of sustainability
• GOST 19917-93 “Furniture for sitting and lying down. General technical conditions";
• GOST 19194-73 “Furniture. Method for determining the fastening strength of furniture legs";
• GOST R 54208-2010 “Protective and decorative coatings on furniture made of wood and wood materials. Classification and designations."
• GOST 13715-78 “Joiner slabs. Technical conditions";
• GOST 30255-95. Furniture, wood and polymer materials.

What equipment to choose for the production of furniture from natural wood

To organize a full-cycle furniture production, you will need to purchase: a thickness planer, a jointing machine, a drilling and grooving machine, a circular saw for cutting wide boards, milling machine, grinding machine, turning and milling copying machine, paint gun, drilling and additive machine, edge banding machine and other auxiliary equipment. The main supplier of equipment is China and Taiwan.

How much money do you need to start a business producing furniture made of natural wood?

The estimated costs for the purchase of equipment for organizing the production of full-cycle wooden furniture are 700 - 1000 thousand rubles (including auxiliary equipment).

Raw materials used for furniture production

For the manufacture of wooden furniture, ready-made furniture panels or edged solid boards are used. The most popular varieties woods are: pine, oak, beech, hornbeam, alder, birch, larch. Sawn and dried boards are purchased from forestries, forestry enterprises and private companies.

One m3 of edged pine boards will cost about 6500-7500 rubles. Special attention in production should be given paint coating. Varnish protects wood from external influences, increases resistance to moisture, thereby increasing the service life of furniture. To achieve best result The wood is varnished at least three times, thoroughly drying after each application.

Expert tips for creating natural wood furniture

Step-by-step plan for starting a business producing wood products

Organization room size furniture business directly depends on the planned production volume. If we are talking about a full production cycle (and not a “garage version”), then the following departments must be present:

1. Production workshop - the place where woodworking machines and other equipment will be located;
2. Assembly shop - a place where wooden furniture is assembled from pre-prepared parts;
3. Paint shop - a room for carrying out paint and varnish work;
4. Dryer or drying chamber;
5. Finished products warehouse/raw materials warehouse;
6. Room production personnel;
7. Lavatory, shower;
8. Accommodation for administrative staff and sales managers.

Requirements for production premises are standard and require heating, water supply, ventilation, a 3-phase network, and a fire safety system.

Technology for the production and manufacture of wood furniture

The full production cycle of wooden furniture includes the following stages: Stage 1. Preparation of a working sketch. At this stage, technologists develop three-dimensional models and working drawings of the future product.

Stage 2. Preparation of wood for production. At this stage, the type of wood is selected, as well as the solid wood is dried for 10 days until its humidity drops to 80% of the original values.

Stage 3. Dissolution furniture board using a multi saw machine. At this stage, the bark is removed and the board is cut into specified sizes.

Stage 4. Knots are removed using a cross-cutting machine, resin pockets, crooked areas and other defects.

Stage 5. Merging the bars along the length - preparing the lamellas. Wooden blanks are laid out on the table, aligned along the edge and pressed with a press on top and on the sides. Once the programmed length is reached, the lamellas are cut and sent to the press.

Stage 6. Gluing lamellas. The lamellas are subjected to double-sided grinding and glued together on a fan press, taking into account the guide fibers. The gluing time is 40-50 minutes.

Stage 7. Shield Formation the right size using a belt dividing machine.

Stage 8. Planing the lamella on both sides on a thickness planer.

Stage 9. Sawing furniture board to the required thickness using a calibrating grinding machine.

Stage 10. To create additional strength, solid wood is finished with veneer.

Stage 11. Reaming mounting holes on a drilling and filler machine. The production of individual furniture parts is carried out on automated machines according to specified parameters. Such machines make all the necessary cuts, cuts and veneer edges.

Stage 12. Finished goods are subject to inspection for defects and defects.

Stage 13. All parts are sanded 3 times to give the product perfect smoothness.

Stage 14. Varnishing and painting furniture in accordance with the specified design.

Stage 15. Drying of the product.

Stage 16. Packaging of the product and sending it to the finished product warehouse. In addition to the full cycle, there is also a short production cycle. This is when the raw materials for the production of wood products are ready-made dried panels, which are sanded, sawn into certain parts, assembled and varnished.

Staff The required staff of even a small wooden furniture production enterprise includes:

• constructor-designer;
• technologist;
• carpenters-machine operators (from 4 people);
• carvers;
• auxiliary workers (from 2 people);
• sales manager
  

The company will also need an accountant, a cleaner, a personnel officer and a lawyer. However, most small businesses, for the purpose of reasonable savings, outsource these workers. It is not profitable to employ such employees full-time when production volumes are small. Conclusions Organizing the full cycle production of wooden furniture is a very complex matter. The project manager has to decide important issues such as: selection of qualified personnel, motivation of personnel, selection of high-quality wood and paints and varnishes, purchase of expensive equipment and tools, study and implementation of carpentry technologies, regular retraining of production personnel, management of sales, processes, people and much more. It is for this reason that many inexperienced beginners in this field will face inevitable collapse. According to some market players, the best way study the industry with minimal risk - organize the business in a somewhat “truncated form.” For example, you can only design furniture and entrust the production processes to an experienced artisan. The key task of organizing a business will be to find a responsible and competent partner.

Dear experts! Since childhood I dreamed of working with wood, but it never worked out. And now, at the age of 40, he has matured.

I want to organize a small production of chairs made from solid Caucasian oak, beech, ash with elements of bent wood.

Please, friends! Please tell me what equipment is needed? Minimum set...

Thank you in advance)

With uv. Novel

Attached images

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

Somehow one doesn’t fit with the other. Don't you think?

First you need to get necessary knowledge and skills, and only then dream about the enterprise. Make at least one chair for yourself.

By vote. Only you can decide whether it is worth it or not. The success of the enterprise in to a greater extent depends on your capabilities than on market conditions. No one except you knows for how much, for what, how and for whom you are going to produce products and to whom to sell them.

I have experience as a hobby... I made a crib for my son. In his youth he worked cutting slats.

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

Was the crib made of solid wood with bent wood elements? Before you think about production, you need to study the subject itself. Search online for materials and carpentry forums. Perhaps it would be better to start by working as an apprentice in the industry you are interested in; half the questions will immediately disappear.

In general, everything is elementary. You make a couple of chairs. Sell ​​in your region. Find out from buyers what they liked, maybe they still need, or what design, let them recommend you to their friends. You advertise for designer furniture to order, attach a photo of what you did. If you trample, you register as an individual entrepreneur and buy a website with beautiful design. Once you stop coping with orders, hire people and rent space for a workshop. By this point, you will already know what equipment you need to rent or lease, and you will be able to calculate the profitability of the enterprise; besides, you will already have part of the necessary funds for development.

Whether it will take off or not, it all depends on the directness of your hands and enterprise.

Thank you!

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

To work you need:

3. Tenoner/hand router.

5. Bench jigsaw

Thank you for your answer. Our raw materials in the south are good, oak, beech good prices. As I already said, I don’t have much experience in cutting slats. Well, plus all my life I’ve been making something (crafts, etc.)

Now I'm trying to figure out if it's worth starting this business.

But such forms cannot be achieved without bending??? I want elegant, airy chairs...

This is just steamed bending??

Attached images

brain1

brain1

Thanks for the answer. Yes, interesting, please write

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

Prices for Juneau chair in leather and black:

The latter is the “garage” manufacturer.

And what type of wood is that “garage” one made of? At this price I would give away such chairs and 1st class beech wood

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

Bend a tree? Well, who knows, I would prefer to cut a shape from an array.

To work you need:

1. universal machine: jointer, surface planer, circular saw. You can find a used one and then bring it to mind, or immediately buy a good one, not some Kraton, but a normal Jet type device

2. Miter saw. You can do without it, but it is very useful in the household.

3. Tenoner/hand router.

5. Bench jigsaw

I can’t give you any advice on cutting and sewing. You need a lot of clamps. Patterns. Good raw materials and good premises.

And try, if after half a cube of damaged wood you at least don’t saw off your fingers, that’s good.

In general, there is no need to go into a tree without knowledge. I experienced it on my own skin. Everything seems to be working out, everything seems to be fine... But bam it burst. Why? Or it’s starting to jar... KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE are needed.

pevgen

pevgen

Is the Corvette universal machine good?

Personal finance- just about the complex .

Rjbertovarta

Rjbertovarta

Stretch the connections - it will be good.

In any case, for his money he’s doing quite well, he’ll do the housework.

For industrial production, I would still take a separate thicknesser.

pevgen

pevgen

Thank you! In general, is Reimus necessary? If the material is good, will a jointer just not work?

It won't work. A thicknesser is needed to obtain material of the same thickness from different boards.

You might make your first batch on a Corvette. As a start for little money, it will pay for itself. Then assign an Uzbek to him and let him saw the picket fence.

The machine is just right for a picket fence)))

However, I have a Corvette miter saw on it + done:

1. Workbench in the workshop
2. Several doors
3. Stools for the house
4. Window frame for the workshop, cover it with drying oil - it’s not a shame to put it in the house
5. Clothes drying cabinet
6. Desk (the child built himself)
7. Well, so, little by little.

In order to organize and launch the effective production of high-quality chairs, you will have to be extremely careful when choosing equipment. After all, the production process involves the use of not one machine, but several - various types. Firstly, it will not be possible to do without tenoning machines for milling joints. Next you will need drilling-grooving, grinding and copy-milling machines. In our company's warehouse, specialized used equipment and machines for the production of chairs often appear in stock, which you can buy much cheaper than the cost of similar new equipment.

Used machines for chairs in our assortment

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By the way, we not only sell, but also buy used equipment for woodworking and furniture production. Therefore we are happy

We will buy your used machines and equipment for the production of chairs

Your friends or acquaintances are looking for Chairs - equipment used or do they, on the contrary, want to sell equipment they don’t need?

Recommend our company to them! We sell and constantly buy used Chairs - equipment. Share a link to this section of our website on your social networks - your friends and subscribers will be grateful to you.

Small companies with 4 to 15 employees are doing best in this market, making good money on small orders and not feeling competition from large manufacturers. On at the moment The market is favorable to newcomers.

With a general reduction in production volumes in the furniture industry, the demand for chairs, armchairs and sofas has almost doubled since the beginning of this year compared to last year.

The reasons for the general reduction in furniture production are market saturation caused by an increase in imports, about a third of which is duty-free furniture imported from Belarus, and high customs duties on imported materials and components from other countries. Almost all surveyed furniture manufacturers speak about high competition.

However, small companies with 4 to 15 employees feel the best in this market, making good money on small orders and not feeling competition from large manufacturers. Such orders include one or two units of products worth up to 20 thousand rubles.

From manufacturers various types furniture, respectively, has a different competitive environment and its own trends. While manufacturers, for example, of tables and cabinets have to reduce the production of these products, the production of chairs, armchairs and wooden beds increases.

In total, there are about 500 companies engaged in the production of furniture in St. Petersburg.

Step 1. Room

The production space must be large enough (minimum 150 m2), without partitions, preferably on one floor. The cost of renting such premises on the territory of a large industrial enterprise will be from $700 per year. Electricity costs will add another $300 to the total.

“The technology of furniture production is nothing supernatural; there were people who created good products in the garage,” shared general manager LLC "MebelMag" Alexey Davydov.

Step 2. Equipment

To produce metal-based furniture you will need:

drilling machine - $700;

compressor - $350;

pneumatic equipment - $350-400;

metal saw - $350;

drills, 2 pcs. — $200;

"grinders", 2 pcs. —$350;

welding machine - $550;

pistols - $350.

In the future, production can be automated. Automatic machines will cost $1.5-2 thousand each; five machines will be enough for full automation. Some equipment can be more expensive, however, as market participants say, labor is not so expensive in St. Petersburg that replacing workers with machines would pay for expensive automation.

IN furniture production Often some production functions are transferred to a subcontractor. The use of subcontracting is primarily a forced measure, and not a search for profit, because beginning furniture makers may not have enough equipment. For example, MebelMag LLC orders painting of goods from a subcontractor, but plans to soon purchase spray booth. According to Alexey Davydov’s calculations, painting costs ($1.5 thousand from a subcontractor) in this case will be reduced by 2 times, and with the camera costing $2.5 thousand, it will pay for itself in just over 3 months.

Step 3. Staff

Unskilled workers - from $300. Production manager - from $1 thousand. Mechanic - $700. Masters - adjusters of automatic machines - from $1 thousand.

The minimum number of personnel in production is five people. So many workers can ensure the production of 2-3 thousand units of product per month, and this, according to Alexey Davydov, is about 1 million rubles in turnover.

Internet: search engines - $200/month; support of a corporate website and advertising on thematic resources - $50/month.

Directories - $200/year.

Specialized publications - $200/month.

Furniture exhibitions - at least $5 thousand.