An example of a ready-made business plan for a cargo transportation company. Business plan for cargo transportation: ready-made calculations

• Selection of OKVED codes
• Marketing plan
• Business risks
• • • • Similar business ideas:

Small business plan for opening transport company to provide cargo transportation services within one region.

How much money do you need to open a transport company?

The costs of starting a transport company will include:

• Deposit for renting a car depot - 60,000 rubles.
• Purchase of Gazelle NEXT cars (5 units) - RUB 4,500,000.
• Business registration and other expenses - RUB 100,000.
• Reserve fund - 200,000 rubles.

Total - 4,860,000 rubles.

To launch the project, 20% of own funds and 80% of borrowed funds (credit funds) will be allocated.

Step-by-step plan for starting a business

The opening of a transport company will be carried out in the following order:

• Searching for investments to start a business
• Search for a car depot to accommodate cars
• Registering an LLC with the local tax office
• Purchase and registration of 5 Gazelle NEXT vehicles with the traffic police.
• Hiring drivers
• Active advertising of services

Which taxation system to choose for an enterprise

The company will be registered as an organizational form with limited liability(LLC) at the local tax office. The taxation system is a single tax on imputed income (UTII). Cash register not required to conduct business. After registering the LLC (14 days), a bank account will be opened to accept payments by bank transfer.

Selection of OKVED codes

In the application for registration of an LLC (as well as in constituent documents, reports, etc.) you must indicate the code of your activity, which can be found in the all-Russian classifier. For a transport company, this is:

• OKVED 49.41 - activities of freight vehicles;
• OKVED 49.42 - provision of services for the transportation of goods.

Experienced entrepreneurs recommend indicating all areas of business that you may be involved in in the future. This will save you from having to redo constituent documents, in the case of organizing new areas of commercial activity.

List of documents required for the operation of a transport company

In addition to the LLC registration documents, for the legal operation of a company providing transport services, it is necessary to issue:

• permits from Rospotrebnadzar, fire inspection and labor protection authorities;
• labor contracts with personnel;
• permits from local authorities;
• agreements with clients;
• insurance policies (CASCO and OSAGO) and registration certificate for each company car.

In addition, the mechanic and driver, before leaving the vehicle to complete the order, must check the availability of the following documents: driver’s license, waybill, power of attorney for the vehicle and documents for the cargo, which are prepared by the customer.

What equipment to choose for the activities of a transport company

At the beginning of the activity, it is planned to purchase five Gazelle NEXT vehicles with a carrying capacity of 1.7 tons. The price of the new Gazelle is gasoline engine is 900 thousand rubles. The choice of this type of car is due to its high reliability, low fuel consumption and sufficient maneuverability for driving through narrow streets and courtyards.

To accommodate transport, it is planned to rent a small car depot - a heated room with an area of ​​300 square meters. m. The company's office will also be located here. The rent will be 300 thousand rubles per month.

The transport company will employ 10 drivers (2 for each vehicle), a mechanic and a dispatcher. The wage fund will be 240 thousand rubles. It is planned to outsource accountant services.

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Marketing plan

The transport company will deliver goods within the city and region. The company's main client is individuals who need to transport various cargo over a short distance (for example, in connection with a move). It is also planned to conclude agreements with stores household appliances and furniture stores for delivery of large-sized goods to customers' homes. The price of the service will be 400 rubles. per hour (including downtime). This is the average price level that applies in our city.

Business risks

In the course of conducting this activity, the following risks may arise:

• Increased competition, emergence of major players in the market
• Decrease in order volume
• Problems with personnel (irresponsible drivers)
• A car is movable property (breakdowns, accidents, thefts, etc. are possible)

Financial plan (best performance)

Fixed monthly expenses

• Carpool rental - 60 thousand rubles.
• Repair and depreciation - 80 thousand rubles.
• Salary + insurance contributions (12 people) - 300 thousand rubles.
• Advertising - 20 thousand rubles.
• Taxes (UTII) - 15 thousand rubles.
• Other expenses - 10 thousand rubles.

Total - 485 thousand rubles.

How much can you earn by providing cargo transportation services?

Income

• Service price - 400 rub./hour
• Number of orders per day - 60 hours
• Revenue per day - 24 thousand rubles, per month - 720 thousand rubles.

Net profit: 720,000 - 485,000 = 235,000 rubles per month. The profitability of the business, according to the business plan, is 32%. Taking into account the period for business promotion (6 - 8 months), the return on investment will occur after 25 - 30 months of work.

This is a full-fledged finished project, which you will not find in the public domain. Contents of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

In this material:

The presented business plan of a transport company for cargo transportation with calculations is approximate and can be regarded as a sample due to the fact that the market in this area is subject to regular changes, therefore the presented figures are indicative.

General characteristics of the project

First of all, it should be noted that without experience in this field, opening a transport business is very risky. This area, like no other, contains many pitfalls and features regarding your city and region, which are almost impossible to take into account except through experience. Experience will also tell you the need to choose one or another development strategy depending on the specific situation.

Advantages and prospects of the cargo transportation business

• you have your own fleet of trucks;
• you provide a wide range of services to individuals (delivery of furniture, relocation support) and organizations (delivery of raw materials, transportation of goods, delivery of products from warehouses to retail outlets);
• constant demand for cargo transportation and demand for your services, thanks to which the business brings a stable high income.

Prospects for growth and development transport enterprise It will be possible to choose one of three areas of development: your own fleet, a freight forwarding company or a freight forwarding company that also carries out outsourcing.

Possible risks of the company

Opening a cargo transportation company, as well as organizing a business of any kind, involves certain risks:

• the danger of damage, theft, breakdown and complete failure of movable property that forms the basis of your activity - a car;
• increased competition and increased influence of successful companies operating in this area;
• problems with finding and selecting qualified personnel.

Market and competitor research

Despite the popularity of cargo transportation among individuals, the bulk of your clients are local retail and wholesale outlets and companies. Representatives of this target audience are regularly interested in transporting goods and do not always have their own fleet of trucks at their disposal.

When analyzing statistical information on the market in this area of ​​business activity, one should take into account the great competition and the current ubiquity of companies providing such services. Should special attention pay attention to the location and activities of your company in order to avoid serious competition with successful freight organizations providing services in the area. Not everyone is able to withstand the current economic crisis, and such business niches are quite often vacated, giving way to budding entrepreneurs.

Organizational plan

The process of organizing a cargo carrier company consists of clearly planned and sequential stages.

Business registration, taxation system

This type of business activity is subject to mandatory state registration. For small and medium-sized transport companies, opening a limited liability company or individual entrepreneur is perfect, while for a large business with an annual multi-million dollar turnover, it is necessary to establish an open or closed joint stock company.

If you are planning to open a small company specializing in the provision of cargo transportation services exclusively for individuals, it will be enough to register as an individual entrepreneur without education legal entity.

If we talk about the taxation system, it is better to choose a general taxation system; it is not profitable for organizations to do business with you if there is no VAT. The single tax on imputed income applies to you only if your company’s vehicle fleet consists of no more than 20 vehicles. In all other situations, the general or simplified taxation system is subject to application in relation to such an organization.

Office space

For the cargo transportation business, the issue of premises does not play an important role and comes down to choosing a garage of suitable size or several large garages that can accommodate your entire fleet. In addition, at the first stages of opening and developing a business, provided there is no experience in carrying out entrepreneurial activities in the field of cargo transportation, it is recommended to rent rather than purchase or build such premises.

Unlike a garage, the requirements for the size of the office space where negotiations with clients will be carried out directly and the accounting department will work are very modest. It will be enough for you to get a small office in 20-50 square meters with European-quality renovation and a presentable, solid interior. It is also recommended to rent such office space at the initial stages.

Equipment and furniture

While office furniture and computer equipment will account for minimum required equipping your office space, garages will require additional equipment:

• trailers and semi-trailers;
• low loader trawls and tractor units;
• special weighing equipment and equipment for loading/unloading.

In addition, it is necessary to provide all drivers with the ability to quickly communicate with each other and the office, as well as equip cars with special terminals that will provide up-to-date information not only about the location of the car and its movement pattern, but also the speed limit and fuel consumption. If you have a large fleet of vehicles, you should organize a separate dispatch center and equip it with all the necessary equipment.

Staff

In addition to the logical selection of highly qualified drivers, the number of which should be proportional to the amount of movable equipment in your fleet, and often twice as large (with a constant flow of orders and a shift pattern of work for drivers), you will need to consider hiring the following personnel:

• full-time mechanics;
• garage managers;
• dispatchers;
• secretary;
• accountants;
• marketing managers.

In the first stages of business, a beginning entrepreneur can assign any management functions to himself, and entrust accounting to remote outsourcing specialists. Dispatchers, individual garage managers and marketing managers will come in handy later, when your company's fleet has acquired an enviable amount of logistics equipment.

Transport company advertising

The marketing campaign initially includes traditional advertising of services through local print media; later, you can try advertising your services through television and radio broadcasting.

The website of your transport company on the Internet will have a positive impact on the pace of its growth and development and will help attract a new mass of customers.

Among other things, advertising in specialized and thematic business magazines and Internet portals will also have a beneficial effect on the development and promotion of your business. After the company reaches the break-even point, it is recommended to consider opening representative offices of your company in other regions of the country or even abroad.

Financial plan

Investments at the start

Initial investments will be limited to the purchase of cars to form a starting fleet, as well as costs associated with renting office space and a garage, registering a business, recruiting and employing personnel, as well as initial marketing campaign. According to rough estimates, the starting investment will amount to 4,000,000 – 4,500,000 rubles.

Current expenses

The trucking business includes the following types of regular monthly expenses:

• garage rental – about 100,000 rubles;
• office space rental small sizes– 20,000 rubles;
• remuneration of employees and expenses related to the wage fund - 200,000 rubles;
• tax payments – about 15,000 rubles;
• current repairs and depreciation of vehicles for transporting goods – 80,000 rubles;
• advertising and marketing expenses – about 25,000 rubles.

In total, we have about 450,000 rubles in fixed monthly expenses.

Income from completed orders

The main part of the profit will be formed by this item of income. According to statistics, in a few months, with the proper approach to business, you can reach a figure of 60 hours of daily orders per day at an average cost of 400 rubles per hour of cargo transportation services.

First of all, the application received from the client for the provision of cargo transportation services is properly completed and processed. Orders from individuals related to moving or transporting furniture and equipment between apartments and private households do not require such registration. It is recommended to conclude a standard contract for the provision of cargo transportation services with legal clients.

The dispatcher calculates a detailed route and prepares it for the driver waybill, after which the vehicle is loaded and prepared for departure. It is necessary to provide in advance for additional costs associated with the transportation of cargo and difficulties that the driver may encounter along the way.

The next stage is the actual transportation of the cargo, the duration of which directly depends on the distance between the initial and final destination route, as well as additional conditions, such as a customs checkpoint, etc. After delivery and shipment of the goods to the client, you receive all or the remaining payment. It is precisely this scheme that is taken as the unit for analyzing the profitability of a transport enterprise.

Profit calculation

Having the initial required cash investments mentioned earlier, as well as regular monthly expenses, you can calculate the approximate net profit. For the initial stages of opening and developing a company providing this type of service, a net profit of 200,000 rubles per month would be fair. This indicator is approximate and cannot be taken as a guide, since the formation of the final amount of regular net profit is greatly influenced by many external factors, such as the region of location and activity of the company, the level of customer demand and the average cost of an hour for the provision of cargo transportation services.

Profitability and payback period of the cargo transportation business

The current business development scheme for a transport company that provides services in the field of transportation of goods to individuals and legal entities implies a profitability of 4-5% per month and a payback period for the project, taking into account the specified initial investment, of two to two and a half years.

Of course, the transport business today has acquired sufficient quantity developed and successfully developing companies that carry out cargo transportation in any region of the country and are able to compete at the proper level with beginning entrepreneurs. However, as large companies grow and develop, as well as the decline and exit of these services from the market by entrepreneurs who have not coped with the influence of the current economic crisis and external negative factors, niches are constantly being found for small businesses in this area of ​​entrepreneurial activity.

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The considered business plan of a transport company for cargo transportation with calculations aims to:

• Justification for a transport company with high profitability.
• Creation of new jobs.
• Satisfying consumer demand for cargo transportation services throughout the country and abroad.
• Making profit.

The project is financed by obtaining a bank loan in the amount of 7,120,000 rubles. In this case, the investor’s profit will be equal to 562,355.54 rubles. Payment of borrowed funds and interest on them is carried out from the 1st month of the company’s operation.

The total cost of the project is estimated at 7,120,000 rubles with a payback period of no later than two years from the opening of the enterprise.

The attractiveness of the project for organizing freight transportation is due to the fact that opening a transport company does not require significant investments and allows short terms diversify the business and provide a wide range of additional services (forwarding, security, loading and unloading, customs clearance and escort, security, etc.).

Market analysis

IN Russian Federation There are many large and small companies involved in freight transportation. The domestic market is quite full, but some potential for its development remains. During the crisis, many organizations left the market. Today it is gradually reviving after stagnation, and newcomers can fill the vacant gaps.

Russian companies at the initial stages of their existence are financed from various sources, the most common bank loan. In addition, they increase their capital by issuing bonds (30%), placing shares on the stock exchange (25%), attracting additional investments (23%) and own funds from the company’s income (14%).

Historically, the country's transport market has experienced a lack of funds for development, partly due to the poor development of transport infrastructure. According to experts from the Research Institute for Territorial Development and Transport Infrastructure, the country suffers significant losses from this annually, approximately 3% of GDP. An example of this situation is clearly demonstrated by the figures for the ratio of the size of the Russian vehicle fleet and the length of paved roads. If during the 19th century the vehicle fleet grew by 70%, then the total length of roads increased only by 5%. Today, over 35% of roads and more than 59% of railways require repair and modernization.

It is important to note that the country’s leadership is taking certain actions to solve this problem. Since 2014, the amount of funds allocated to transport infrastructure has accounted for 12-13% of all construction industry expenses. The industry itself is the leading driver of intensification of freight transportation due to active housing construction and construction of large-scale infrastructure facilities in connection with the 2018 FIFA World Cup.

Among the modes of transport, the leading place is occupied by transportation by water and automobiles. Rail transport is still lagging behind in these indicators.

According to RBC.research, the domestic market transport transportation in the coming years may amount to approximately 1,900 billion rubles. As before, it will be dominated by road freight transportation and transportation of goods by inland water transport.

The average expected growth in carriers' income can reach 2%, and taking into account additional services for cargo handling in ports and terminals - 4-5%.

The most important factors limiting business development in the field of road transportation are:

• Lack of financial resources.
• Low solvency of service consumers.
• High level of taxes.
• Significant cost of fixed assets (cars) and fuel.
• Low quality of transport.
• High level of competition in the market.

In general, assessing the state of the freight transportation market, we can say that creating an enterprise in this industry is a promising line of business. If we take into account the trends in the country's economy, the company has every chance to develop and generate significant profits.

Description of the object

Transport companies can work with their customers according to different schemes. However, the general prevailing rule for all is that payment for the service is made only after it has been rendered in in full. Transport workers use prepayment in rare cases.

Sometimes such a solution is used when a commission cooperation agreement is signed between the carrier company and the customer. But partners choose this path only when they are completely confident in each other.

Opening a freight transportation company must take into account seasonal factor. As market analysis shows, in the fall, as a rule, there is a complete rush, and in such a situation, appropriate preparation is necessary. If it is not carried out on time, then the profit will simply be lost. In the summer, there is a relative calm in the transportation market, and this is an excellent period for putting things in order in internal affairs, improving the material base of the enterprise and its infrastructural component.

Including rail transportation services in the list of services is one of the ways to increase the profitability of the entire enterprise, since this does not require any costs. By concluding a rental agreement for railway vehicles, you will be able to transport almost any cargo and over any distance, regardless of its size.

List of services provided:

• Railroad and road freight transportation.
• Transportation by water transport.
• Intermodal and multimodal transportation.
• Terminal cargo handling.
• Transportation of oversized and heavy cargo.
• Logistics and customs consulting, service and support.
• Transportation of consolidated cargo.
• Container transportation.
• Transportation of goods outside Russia.
• Insurance.
• Logistics audit and consulting.

Organizational and legal form of business

The company operates through registration of a legal entity in the form of a limited liability company (LLC). Using the individual entrepreneur status is inappropriate, since it is unprofitable for legal entities due to VAT, and it is easier for customer accounting departments to manage document flow for reporting (invoices, invoices) with other legal entities.

In addition, registering an LLC makes it possible to best protect a business from being taken over by competitors, regardless of the size of the enterprise and its place in the services market.

Recruitment

One of the nuances that you may encounter when creating a transport company is a special approach to staffing it. The fact is that in the first stages of project implementation the founder can combine the functions of a leader, manager, dispatcher and courier. These specialists can be gradually selected over the course of one to two months. Accounting work during this period can be outsourced.

But if you go this way, the time frame for opening a company may be delayed. Therefore, first you need to attract an efficient worker who will do all the operational work. The situation is different with accountants, who should be selected slowly, carefully studying them professional level and knowledge of the specifics of the transport company’s activities. It would be very nice if the staff has its own auditor.

Forwarding activities bring quite a lot of revenue to transport companies, so it is necessary to provide for the presence of such employees, although, as practice shows, you will have to spend time training them.

After opening the enterprise, you can think about recruiting employees for the positions of secretary, operators and couriers.

Marketing and advertising

From the very beginning of work and, especially, as the company grows and contacts with partners develop, active marketing and advertising activities should be organized. This is carried out through the following activities:

• Advertising the company's services in the media.
• Distribution of leaflets and booklets.
• Creation of your own company website.
• Advertising in specialized magazines and other industry publications.
• Participation in exhibitions and seminars.
• Dissemination of information about the company's activities on radio and television.

After the organization reaches the break-even point, work is organized to create its representative offices in other cities.

Technical and economic data of equipment

The most important step in creating a freight transport company is the acquisition of equipment, selection of premises and its equipment. The purchase of industrial and office equipment is carried out by the founder of the company at the expense of the investor. The premises are rented subject to the registration of its address as a requisite of a legal entity, therefore the lease agreement is signed directly with the owner. The option of sublease is excluded.

Motor vehicles are purchased taking into account the possibility of transporting oversized and heavy cargo belonging to these categories in accordance with established standards. To do this, the company buys:

• Standard trailers and semi-trailers.
• Truck tractors.
• Low bed trawls.

Drivers must have a special category to drive these vehicles. Each truck is equipped with tachographs and GPS navigation equipment.

In addition to vehicles, the following are also purchased:

• Loading, unloading and weighing equipment.
• Means of communication with drivers and GPS subscriber terminals for collecting data about the car (speed, direction of travel, fuel consumption, etc.) and instantly transmitting it to the dispatch center.
• Office furniture.
• Fax, telephone, mobile communications.
• Computers and server.

The costs of purchasing fixed assets and equipment are compensated by purchasing them on lease.

Such equipment of the enterprise will make it possible to lay out cargo transportation routes individually for each customer, carry out transportation in strict accordance with established standards and obtained permits, and provide online control of order fulfillment at any time.

Financial plan

To predict the income structure of a transport enterprise, the following are taken into account:

• Market conditions transport services Russia for 2015-2016.
• Average price level for these services during the specified period.
• General conditions for financing this project and running a business in the form of an LLC.
• The lowest level of profitability of an enterprise before its full payback period.

Project costs will be:

The following tax regime will be applied:

All expenses of the enterprise are repaid within a period of no more than three years.

Risks

• High level of competition.
• Complex project administration.
• Dependence of the operating conditions of the enterprise on the instability of transport networks.
• High capitalization of investments.

Conclusion

Thus, according to this business plan, investments in the creation of a transport enterprise will amount to 7,120,000 rubles. No later than the 4th month from the start of operation, it will reach the break-even point and receive a profit for this period in the amount of RUB 1,028,481.82.

After repayment of borrowed funds, the profit amount will be 11,963,125 rubles.

This business is extremely profitable and promising, with high degree potential risks, mainly of an objective nature.

The most important condition for the successful operation and development of a freight transportation company is the availability of a modern fleet of vehicles and qualified personnel in all specialties.